نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد روان‌شناسی بالینی، دانشکده روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران

2 استاد روان‌شناسی، دانشکده روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه سنجش و اندازه‌گیری، دانشکده روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران

4 دانشیار روان‌شناسی بالینی، دانشکده روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران

5 دانشجوی دکتری روان‌شناسی عمومی، دانشکده روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران

10.22054/qjss.2026.84628.2876

چکیده

بزرگترین مجموعه مهاجرین در ایران، افغانستانی هستند. مهاجرت چالش های مختلفی را بر سر راه فرد مهاجر قرار می دهد. اما حتی با وجود شرایط نسبتا برابر، برخی از این مهاجرین می‌توانند در زندگی، کار و ابعاد مختلف تعاملات اجتماعی موفق تر از بقیه باشند. مساله مهم این است که زمینه های موثر بر سازگاری روانی - اجتماعی آنها در ایران چیستند؟ طرح پژوهش حاضر، مطالعه کیفی سازگاری روانی ـ اجتماعی تجارب زیسته مهاجران افغانستانی ساکن ایران به روش «پدیدارشناسی توصیفی» است که در آن 21 نفر از شرکت کنندگان به روش نمونه گیری هدفمند انتخاب شدند. برای جمع آوری داده ها از روش مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته عمیق استفاده شد. نمونه های این مطالعه، توانسته اند یک تعادل مثبت بین هویت‌های فردی، اجتماعی، شغلی، فرهنگی و ملی خود ایجاد کرده و مسیرهای سازگاری موثر روانی - اجتماعی را طی کرده اند. از مهمترین مفاهیم نظری این تحقیق، نظریه مقابله و سبک های مقابله ای، نظریه ادغام و نظریه سازگاری است. پس از تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از کدهای اولیه، 24 مضمون فرعی در قالب سه مضمون اصلی: وضعیت روانشناختی مهاجران، ظرفیت های مهارتی مهاجران، بسترهای موقعیتی مهاجران، استخراج گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study on the Psychological-Social Adaptation of Successful Afghan Migrants Living in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Faramarz Sohrabi 1
  • Abdolah Motamedi 2
  • Mohamad Asgari 3
  • Abolghasem Isamorad 4
  • Sayed Musa Hosseini 5

1 Professor, Department of Clinical psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran

2 Professor, Department of Clinical psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran

3 Associate Professor of Educational Psychology, Department of evaluating and measuring, Faculty of Psychology and Education, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran

4 Associate Professor, Department of Clinical psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran

5 PhD student in general psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran (Responsible author)

چکیده [English]

The largest group of migrants in Iran is Afghans. Migration presents various challenges for individuals. However, even with relatively equal conditions, some of these migrants may be more successful in life, work, and various aspects of social interactions. The key issue is to understand what do factors influence on their psychological and socio-cultural adaptation in Iran? This research proposal aims to study the psychological and socio-cultural adaptation experiences of Afghan migrants who are living in Iran through a qualitative approach by using a descriptive phenomenological method. Twenty-one participants were selected to use as targeted sampling. Deep semi-structured interviews were employed to collect data. The study samples have achieved a positive balance among their individual, social, occupational, cultural, and national identities and have navigated effective psychological and socio-cultural adaptation paths. The main theoretical concepts of this research include the stress and coping theory, coping styles, integration theory, and adaptation theory. After analyzing the data, 24 sub-themes were extracted under three main themes: migrants' psychological status, migrants' skill capabilities, and migrants' situational contexts.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • 'Successful adaptation'
  • ' successful Afghan immigrant'
  • 'psycho-social adaptation'
  • 'descriptive phenomenology'
  • ' identity'
Ahmad Rash, Rashid & Eidi, Masoumeh (2017) "Living in a Pendulum Situation; A Sociological Study of the Lived Experiences of Afghan Refugees in Iran" (Case Study: Lived Experiences of Afghan Refugees Living in the Yazd Slaughterhouse Neighborhood), Journal of Iranian Social Issues, Volume 9, Issue 1, Spring-Summer 2018. pp. 51-68 [in Persian]
Abbasi‐ Shavazi, M. J., & Sadeghi, R. (2016). Socio‐ cultural Adaptation of Second‐ generation Afghans in Iran. International Migration, 53(6), 89-110 [in Persian]
-Abbasi-Shavazi, M. & Sadeghi, R. (2014). "Socio-cultural Adaptation of Second generation Afghans in Iran", International Migration, vol. online 10 January [in Persian]
Alipour, Abbas; Saadati Jafarabadi, Hassan & Dehghani Firuzabadi, Jalil (2017) "Identifying and analyzing the security consequences of the presence of Afghan foreign nationals in Yazd province", Geographical Research Journal of Law Enforcement, No. 18: pp. 79-108[in Persian]
(Broome, R. E. (2011). "Descriptive phenomenological psychological method": An example of a methodology section from doctoral dissertation.
-Berry, J. W. (2008). “Acculturation and Adaptation of Immigrant Youth”, Canadian Diversity, Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 50-54.
Castells, Stephen; Mark J. Miller. (2017), The Age of Migration: International Population Movements in the Modern World, translated by Ali Taefi. Tehran: Jameehshanasan Publication.
Cohen, Bruce (2014) "Fundamentals of Sociology", translated by Dr. Gholam Abbas Tavasoli, Tehran, Samt Publications.
Endler, N. S., Parker, J. D. A., & Summerfeldt, L. J. (1998). "Coping with health problems: Developing a reliable and valid multidimensional measure". Journal of Psychological Assessment, 10, 195-209
Fasai, Soheila & Nazari, Hamed (2016), "Afghan Child, Formation of Self-Conception and Otherness in the Daily Life Experience of Afghan Teenagers in Tehran", Journal of Social Studies and Research in Iran, Volume 5, Issue 3, pp. 456-427 [in Persian]
Giorgi, A. (2009). The descriptive phenomenological method in psychology: A modified Husserlian approach: Duquesne University Press.
Giorgi, A. P., & Giorgi, B. M. (2003). The descriptive phenomenological psychological method. In P. M. Camic, J. E. Rhodes, & L.Yardley (Eds.), Qualitative research in psychology: Expanding perspectives in methodology and design (pp. 243-273)Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Hatami Nejad, Hossein; Abdali, Yaqoub & Alipouri, Ehsan (2016), "Measuring the quality of life of Afghan immigrants living in Iran with a subjective approach" (case study: Firouzabad village), Geographic Quarterly of the Land, No. 49: 77-92 [in Persian]
Hemmati, R., & Imani, A. (2023). A Sociological analysis of the quality of life of afghan immigrants living in Isfahan. Strategic Research on Social Problems in Iran, 12(2), 81-100. [in Persian].
Hosseini, A., Finn, B. M., Sajjadi, S. A., & Mousavi, T. (2022). Urban disparities and quality of life among Afghan refugees living in informal settlements in Mashhad, Iran. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 18, 1073–1097.
Ireland, J. L., Boustead, R., & Ireland, C. A. (2005).Coping style and Psychological health among adolescent prisoners: a study of young and juvenile offenders. Journal of Adolescence, 28, 411-423
Jantan, E., Falahi, M. A., & Seifi, A. (2015). "The Determinants of Migration from Developed and Developing Countries to the US". Journal of Social Sciences Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 12(1), 167-196.
Kendall, D. (2021). Contemporary Sociology. Translation: F. Hemmati.Tehran: Jameeshenasan. [in Persian].
Khosravi et al. (2019), "Study of factors related to the adjustment of Afghan students living in Shiraz", Bi-Quarterly Journal of Population Studies, Volume 5, Issue 1, Spring-Summer 2019 (149-175) [in Persian]
-Klenicke CH. (1999). Coping with life challenge. co publishing company. New Yourk: USA. 2thed.1324,
Kuppens, E., & Van den Broek, T. (2022). Social integration and mental health of Somali refugees in the Netherlands: the role of perceived discrimination. BMC Public Health, 22(1), 1-9.
-Lazarus RS, Folkman S. (1984) "Stress, appraisal and coping". New York: Springer Publishing: 1984
Mansourian, H., & Rajaei, S. A. (2018). Quality of life of afghan immigrants in Tehran city. International Migration, 56(2), 163-176
Mirzaei, Hossein (2017). "Acculturation strategies and mental health of Afghan immigrants in Qaem town, Qom" (an anthropological study), Journal of Social Work Research, Article 6, Volume 2, Issue 7, pp. 189-245 [in Persian]
Mirzaei, Hossein (2020). "Backgrounds of the emergence and socio-cultural integration of Iranian immigrants in France", Quarterly Journal of Social Sciences, Allamah Tabataba’i University, Vol. 26, No. 88, Spring 2020 [in Persian]
Park, H., Lee, J. K, & Jo, I. (2013). "Changing relationships between education and marriage among Korean women". Korean Journal of Sociology, 47, pp–51- 76.
Piri et al, (2024), "The Narrative of Migration and the Status of Former Afghan Government Military Personnel" Quarterly Journal of Social sciences, Vol. 30, No.103, Winter 2024, P 93-130 [in Persian]
-Pour Ahmad, A., Zayyari, K., & Zahedi, J. (2014). The evaluation of Afghan immigrant's urban quality of life by mental method (Case Study: Robat Karim). Geographical Urban Planning Research, 2(1), 1-15 [In Persian]
Riahi, Aref; Hariri, Najla & Noushinfard, Fatemeh (2015), "Health information needs and barriers to access among Afghan and Iraqi immigrants in Iran", Journal of North Khorasan Medical School, No. 3: 597-610 [in Persian]
Sassen, s. (2001). " The city: Between Topographic Representation and spatialized power Projects" Art journal, v.40, no, 2, summer.
Saeedi, Saeeda (1400), Almost Strangers: "A Study of the Lived Experience of Afghan Students Living in Iran in the Corona Crisis", from https://imobs.ir/publication/show/123
Sharaf, Mohammad Reza & Fazeli, Habibullah (2019), "Refugees and the Potential for Progress; Synergy of Soft Power of Iran and Afghanistan", Bi-Quarterly Journal of Soft Power Studies, Year 10, Issue 2 (23 in a row), Fall and Winter 2019, pp. 211-244 [in Persian]
Sadeghi, Rasoul; Abbasi-Shawazi, Mohammad Jalal (2016), "Returning to the homeland or staying of Afghan youth in Iran", Bi-Quarterly Journal of Population Studies, Volume 1, Issue 1, pp. 119-150 [in Persian]
Sadeghi, Rasoul (2017), Wandering between Iranian or Afghan identity! The sufferings of the second generation of immigrants in a Shafqna news agency interview with Dr. Rasoul Sadeghi [in Persian]
Sharaf, Mohammad Reza & Fazeli, Habibullah (2020). "Two scientific quarterly journals: Soft Studies", Year 10, Issue 5, Fall and Winter 2020, pp 211-244[in Persian]
Spezials, H., & Carpenter, D.R. (2007) "Qualitative Research in Nursing". Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins press
from https://af.shafaqna.com/FA/253245
Tremayn, Soraya, (2006),"Modernity and Early Marriage in Iran: A View from Within", «Journal of Middle East Women's Studies», Volume 2, Number 1, Winter 2006, pp 65-94
Vishwamitra, (2013), "Astrological factors that delay the marriage of a female", from http://www.ceylontoday.lk
-Virupaksha et al, (2014). " Migration and mental health: An interface". J Nat Sci Biol Med. 2014 Jul;5(2):233-9. doi: 10.4103/0976-9668.136141.
Wang, Haiping,& Abbott, A. Douglas, (2013)," Waiting for Mr. Right: The Meaning of Being a Single Educated Chinese Female Over 30 in Beijing and Guangzhou", «Women's Studies International Forum», Volume 40, September–October 2013, pp 222-229.
Zokaee, Mohammad saeed (2022), "The Art of Conducting Qualitative Research, From Problem Identification to Writing", Aghah Publications, Tehran
https://publications.iom.int/system/files/pdf/wmr_2020.pdf
https://www.unhcr.org/ir/fa/refugees-iran
https://diaran.ir/12335/
https://www.etemadonline.com