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مطالعه تجربه زیسته زنان سرپل‌ذهاب در زلزله

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مردم شناسی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 استادیارمردم شناسی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

زلزله به لحاظ گستره‌ تأثیراتی که بر زندگی افراد دارد، متغیرمهمی در تحول حیات اجتماعی جوامع محسوب می‌شود. پیامدهای اجتماعی فاجعه بر اساس سن، جنسیت، طبقه اقتصادی و اجتماعی متفاوت است. کودکان، زنان و افراد کم‌درآمد، بیشترین آسیب در زمان فاجعه را تجربه می‌کنند. مطالعه حاضر پژوهش کیفی است که باهدف درک تجربه زیسته زنان سرپل‌ذهاب از زلزله انجام شده است. در این پژوهش با استفاده از رویکرد پدیدارشناختی، مصاحبه‌های عمیق نیمه ساختار یافته با 30 نفر از زنان زلزله‌زده انجام و 90 متن مصاحبه و 10 متن نوشتاری تجربه خود زیسته و تفسیر آن‌ها به 120 واحد معنایی ثبت‌شده است. یافته­های این پژوهش که 18 درون‌مایه فرعی و در نهایت 5 درونمایه اصلی است، نشان می­دهد که در سرپل‌ذهاب زنان شرایط بسیار سختی را سپری می‌کنند. بی‌هویتی و عدم انطباق آنان با وضعیت پس از زلزله، سوءاستفاده‌های جنسی، اقدام به خودکشی‌، پایین آمدن سن اقدام به خودکشی، فوبیای زلزله و پسازلزله، تغییر ناگهانی سبک زندگی، فقدان آرامش، فقدان امکانات و توان مالی، وضعیت دشوار و نابسامانی کمی و کیفی مدارس، افزایش نزاع در خانواده، افزایش طلاق، افزایش خشونت سبب بروز نابسمانی اجتماعی، روانی و فرهنگی در این شهر شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study of Women’s Lived Experiences of Earthquake in Sarpol-e-Zahab

نویسندگان [English]

  • Minoo Salimi 1
  • Ahmad Naderi 2

1 PhD Candidate of Anthropology, University of Tehran, Iran

2 Assistant Professor of Anthropology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Since earthquake has a wide range of effects on people's lives, we can think of it as an important variable in the changes of societies’ social life. The social consequences of the disaster vary according to age, gender, economic and social class. Children, women and low-income people are among the most suffering groups. This qualitative research has been conducted with the aim of understanding the women’s lived experiences of earthquakes in Sarpol-e-Zahab. This study has used a phenomenological approach and conducted semi-structured interviews with 30 women affected by the earthquake. As a result, there are 90 interview texts and 10 written texts of informant’s lived experiences and their interpretation, which are recorded in 120 semantic units. The findings of the study, which are 18 sub-themes and finally 5 main themes, show that women go through very difficult conditions. Identity crisis and their incompatibility with the post-earthquake condition, sexual abuse, committing suicide, decreasing in the age of committing suicide, earthquake and post-earthquake phobia, sudden lifestyle change, lack of peace, lack of facilities and financial capacity, qualitative and quantitative difficulties and disorders in schools, the increase in family strife, the increase in divorce, the increase in violence have caused social, psychological and cultural unrest in this city.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Vulnerability
  • Earthquake
  • Sarpol-E-Zahab
  • Lived Experience
  • Women
  • Gender
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فصلنامه علوم اجتماعی
دوره 27، شماره 88
فروردین 1399
صفحه 217-251
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