نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار جامعه شناسی دانشگاه کردستان

2 کارشناسی ارشد جامعه شناسی دانشگاه کردستان

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر می­کوشد با تأکید بر مفصل­بندی­ای دیالکتیکی از سویه­های اجتماعی، تاریخی و فضاییِ برساختِ حاشیه­نشینان به مطالعۀ تجربۀ رنج اجتماعی در میان ساکنان یکی از بزرگ‌ترین محلات حاشیه­ای شهر سنندج (نایسر) بپردازد. بنیان مفهومی ـ نظریِ کار برای نزدیک­شدن به میدان مطالعه و تحلیل تجربی آن نوعی پرداخت انتقادی ـ تاریخی به فضا و پیونددادن فضا به زیست­بومِ اجتماعی است. این مطالعۀ تجربی، در بُعد روش­شناختی، بر روش‌شناسی کیفی و مشخصاً بر اتنوگرافی انتقادی تکیه کرده است. نتایج تحقیق نشان می­دهد که «دلزدگی از محله»، «رهاشدگی»، «بی‌اعتمادی» و «احساس استیصال در تغییر وضعیت» ازجمله مضامین مرتبط با رنج اجتماعی در میدان مطالعه است. همچنین «شیوۀ تصاحب املاک»، «عملکرد سازمان­های خدماتی شهری» و «ناتوانی خود حاشیه‌نشیان نایسر» محوری‌ترین عوامل مرتبط با سلسله­مراتب سلطه است که تداوم وضعیت را موجب می‌شوند. از یافته­های تحقیق می­توان این­گونه استنتاج کرد که ساکنان این محلۀ حاشیه­ای پتانسیل آن را دارند که در چارچوب آموزۀ «حق به شهر» ظرفیت­ها و توان­های بالقوۀ خود را شکوفا سازند و در جهت بازپس‌گیری شهر از سلب‌مالکیت‌کنندگان گام بردارند. به­بیان­دیگر، توان آن را دارند که به­سمت بازپس‌گیری فضای اجتماعی زندگی­شان از منطق سرمایه و سلطۀ ارگان­های دولتی حرکت کنند و موجبات مدیریت همگانی محله را برای خود فراهم سازند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Urban Slums and the Experience of Social Suffering (Case Study: Nayssar in Sanandaj)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Jamal Mohammadi 1
  • Saeb Adak 2

1  Associate Professor of Sociology, University of Kurdistan. Iran

2 M.A. of Sociology, University of Kurdistan. Iran

چکیده [English]

The main goal of this article is to explicate the experience of social suffering in urban slums through a dialectic structure of social, historical, and spatial aspects of the construct of people living in urban slums. The study of slums requires a theoretical framework which emphasizes on the social aspects of life in such spaces. A slum is a highly populated urban residential area consisting mostly of closely packed, decrepit housing units in a situation of deteriorated or incomplete infrastructure, inhabited primarily by impoverished people. This research studies a slum called Naysar near Sanandaj city. Through critical ethnography, and by relying on concepts of “Social Suffering” and “The Space of Representation”, we study the lived experience of suffering of inhabitants. The findings show that there is a great degree of “Feeling Distaste for the Neighborhood”, “Distrust”, “Abandonment” and “Inability to Change the Situation” among inhabitants. These all are terms related to social suffering. Some other terms related with the hierarchy of domination are “Property Acquisition”, “The Functions of Urban Organization” and “the Disability of Inhabitants”. Finally, according to critical urban theory, “The Right to City” is the main concept which clarifies the situation of subaltern excluded people in slums. In slums like Naysar, a social movement is needed to resist the power of capital and interventions of state organizations in order to re-appropriate the urban spaces to subalterns. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Creation of Space
  • Social Suffering
  • Critical Ethnography
  • Representation of Space
  • Right to City
  • Urban Slums
  • Naysar
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