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زبان‌استعاری‌و‌اندیشه ی‌بوردیویی؛‌ ‌ رویکردی‌نوین‌در‌واکاوی‌تخیّل‌جامعه شناختی‌پی‌یر‌بوردیو ‌

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار جامعه شناسی دانشگاه گیلان

چکیده

استعاره‌ها به افراد کمک کنند تا دانش ذهنی را در قالب امور عینی بیان کنند؛ یعنی اغلب مفاهیم انتزاعی از طریق استعاره و تمثیل عینیت می‌یابند. این مقاله به نقش زبان استعاری در اندیشه بوردیو به‌عنوان موضوعی جدید می‌پردازد. با مطالعه در آثار بوردیو استعاره‌های عمده­ی وی، با استفاده از روش تحلیل محتوای کیفی و الگوی «روند تشخیص استعاره» استخراج و تحلیل شدند. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهند که استعاره‌های بوردیو به‌صورت شبکه‌ای از مفاهیم درهم‌تنیده است. استعاره اصلی تفکر بوردیو نبرد است سایر استعاره‌های وی تابعی از این استعاره هستند. او برای تحلیل «زندگی اجتماعی» به‌مثابه­ی «حوزه­ی مفهومی مقصد» از چندین «حوزه­ی مفهومی مبدأ» از قبیل میدان، عادت‌واره، سرمایه، بازی و... استفاده کرده است. بوردیو از استعارات اقتصادی در تحلیل‌های اجتماعی خویش بهره برده است و قائل به «این‌همانی» بازار اقتصادی و بازار زبانی است. در بعضی آثار خود از استعاره‌های بدن‌مندی نظیر عادت‌واره استفاده نموده است. همچنین استعاره‌های جسمانی از طریق نظم نمادین و جدا ساختن سویه‌های متضاد شکل یافته‌اند. او تلاش کرد تا جهان اجتماعی نامحسوس و انتزاعی را با استعاره‌های مکانی، زمانی، اقتصادی، بدنی و امثال آن تجسم‌سازی یا عینیت‌بخشی کند.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Metaphorical Language and Bourdieu's Thought: A New Approach to Explain Pierre Bourdieu's Sociological Imagination

نویسنده [English]

  • Ali Yaghoobi Choobari

Assistant Professor of Sociology, University of Guilan

چکیده [English]

Metaphors help individuals express mental knowledge in the form of objective facts, that is, most abstract concepts become objective through metaphor and allegory. Almost all abstract conceptualizations occur through conceptual metaphor and metonymy. The present article is about the role of metaphorical language in Bourdieu's thought as a new subject. By studying Bourdieu's works, his major metaphors were extracted and analyzed using a qualitative content analysis method and the "Metaphor Identification Procedure" model. The findings show that Bourdieu's metaphors are interconnected as a network of concepts. The main metaphor of Bourdieu's thinking is conflict, and his other metaphors are a function of this metaphor. He has used several “Source Conceptual Domains” such as field, habitus, capital, play, and so on to analyze “Social Life” as a “Target Conceptual Domain”. Bourdieu has used economic metaphors in his social analysis and believes a "Sameness" exists between the economic market and the linguistic market. In some of his works, he has used embodied metaphors such as habitus. Physical metaphors are also shaped through a symbolic order and the separation of binary oppositions. He tried to visualize or objectify the subtle and abstract social world with metaphors which are spatial, temporal, economic, and physical.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Metaphor
  • Conflict
  • Field
  • Habitus
  • Bourdieu
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فصلنامه علوم اجتماعی
دوره 26، شماره 85
شهریور 1398
صفحه 107-133
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هم رسانی
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