Sociology
meysam shamsi gooshki; vahid shalchi; mohammadtaghi karami ghahi
Abstract
According to the influential reading of the Constitutional Revolution, Constitutionalism is equated with the justice, freedom, and law. Many historians of thought also explain the transformations of this historical period by theorizing with concepts of identity crisis. This study, in distinction from ...
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According to the influential reading of the Constitutional Revolution, Constitutionalism is equated with the justice, freedom, and law. Many historians of thought also explain the transformations of this historical period by theorizing with concepts of identity crisis. This study, in distinction from these perspectives, employs Michel Foucault's methods, problematizing the two significant events of the Iran- Russia wars and the spread of infectious diseases such as cholera and plague. It examines the context in which the prevailing political discourse and the established semantic and symbolic order of society collapsed. Though these explanations are not consistent with the identity-related interpretations and concepts, an analysis of the writings of Qajar intellectuals leads to the conclusion that neither the pursuit for justice nor for freedom were the fixed signifiers of the Constitutional discourse; Rather, these are empty signifiers that serve the fixed signifiers, which is "regulating the State". The findings of this study indicate that Constitutionalism is more a discourse about order and regulation than a discourse about liberation and freedom. It seeks a government capable of exerting greater control over the people, monitoring various aspects of their lives and most importantly, capable of shaping a populace which can serve this government.
Sociology
alireza Haddadi
Abstract
Using meta-analysis of social capital surveys in terms of conceptual and methodological and meta-analysis of theoretical literature and expert analysis, this article presents a framework for measuring social capital containing three pillars, eight indicators and forty indicators. Also, the mathematical ...
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Using meta-analysis of social capital surveys in terms of conceptual and methodological and meta-analysis of theoretical literature and expert analysis, this article presents a framework for measuring social capital containing three pillars, eight indicators and forty indicators. Also, the mathematical logic of reaching the amount of social capital among multiple variables, which is based on the inductive method, is explained. Using the perspective of thinkers and experts in this field, instead of the traditional three-level model of micro, medium and macro, this article focuses on measuring the social capital of governance and the three pillars of "social trust", "improvement of the nation-state relationship" and "social participation". It has been introduced as the most important elements of its measurement. These pillars have been redefined in the relationship between the government and the nation and have been specialized for the governance of political systems. Due to the direct presence of people in the virtual space, this pattern can be monitored indirectly through the network traces of people. Therefore, each of the pillars, identifiers and indicators with theoretical weighting and contextual is effective in calculating the amount of the final social capital.
Sociology
fateme namiyan; muhammad amirpanahi
Abstract
Numerous studies have been conducted regarding women's sense of social security; however, the findings in this field are scattered, isolated, diverse, and lack interconnection.Given the importance of this issue, an effort has been made to answer the question of what sociological factors generally ...
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Numerous studies have been conducted regarding women's sense of social security; however, the findings in this field are scattered, isolated, diverse, and lack interconnection.Given the importance of this issue, an effort has been made to answer the question of what sociological factors generally affect women's feelings of social security and to what extent these factors explain it, in order to summarize and align the results of the research. The research methodology is a quantitative meta-analysis using the CMA2 software. The aim of this method is to provide coherence, a systematic review, and standardization of studies conducted in a specific research field. The statistical population consists of 25 studies conducted in the 2010s, selected for meeting the statistical conditions required for the research, with the goal of combining and identifying the extent of the impact of variables. The findings of the study indicate that women's feelings of social security, as the main dependent variable, are influenced by factors such as media usage, social trust, cultural capital, social cohesion, social participation, poverty, and women's subordination. Each of these variables has been able to explain a portion of the changes in women's security.Keywords: women's sense of social security, Meta-Analysis, Cultural Capital, Social Participation, Poverty, And Subordination. IntroductionThe sense of social security in women, as one of the important indicators of social development and quality of life, has attracted the attention of researchers and policymakers in recent years. In Iran, despite efforts to improve social security, women still face numerous challenges in this area. The feeling of security refers to an individual's experience and perception of the security situation in their environment. This feeling can be influenced by various factors, such as past experiences, available information in society, and the level of trust in social institutions and other individuals. Despite numerous studies on sense of social security among women in Iran, the results of these studies sometimes appear contradictory and scattered. These differences may arise from variations in methodology, sampling, or different definitions of the feeling of security. Therefore, conducting a comprehensive meta-analysis of these studies could help identify common patterns, influential factors, and research gaps.Research Question(s)What sociological factors have influenced women's sense of social security?To what extent do these factors explain it? Literature ReviewThis study, as a meta-analytic research, does not follow a specific theoretical framework. Therefore, the discussions related to theoretical foundations and concepts associated with the research topic are primarily aimed at familiarizing and acquainting with the conceptual and theoretical space of the studies examined in this research. Consequently, a conceptual or theoretical framework is not relevant here. Concepts such as sense of social security, social factors, structural conditions, gender, etc., constitute the conceptual space of the research. Initially, in order to better understand the conceptual space of social security, we will examine its distinction from other forms of security. Then, by exploring the concept of social security, the most important theoretical approaches that have been used in the studies reviewed in the meta-analysis will be introduced. MethodologyThe present study is a (quantitative) meta-analysis. Meta-analysis is the combination, integration, and unification of studies conducted in a specific field. This method is used for systematic review. There are two major families of effect sizes, d and r. In the (d) family, there are three important and relatively similar elements, namely (d) Cohen (1977), (g) Hedges (1987), and Glass delta. The statistical population of the present study is all research conducted in Iran from 2011 to 2019 on the subject of women's security, which has been registered in the scientific databases (SID), (Noormags), and (Magiran). From more than 36 identified studies on "women's sense of social security", finally 25 research documents were selected that fit the criteria of quantitative meta-analysis (correlation coefficient, sample size, significance level, research quality, research validity and reliability, survey). After initial classification, typology, and description of the studies, research variables that were repeated more than twice in the studies were entered into the CMA2 software to determine the effect size and its correlation coefficient. ConclusionThe factors identified in this study—media usage, social trust, cultural capital, social cohesion, social participation, poverty, and women's subordination—provide valuable insights into the complex outlook of women's sense of security in Iranian society. The conclusion of this meta-analysis indicates that women's feelings of social security in Iran are influenced by a complex interaction of factors, including the impact of media, social trust, cultural capital, social cohesion, participation, and economic vulnerability.By addressing the multidimensional factors identified in this study, a society can be approached where women feel empowered, secure, and equal in shaping their own future.
Social Planning
Maryam Zareian; vida razi
Abstract
The aim of the current research is to find out how young adults use urban public spaces in order to identify the factors that reduce the presence of young adults in the public arena of the city. hence, 600 young adults aged 18-25 in Tehran were studied as a statistical sample based on multi-stage cluster ...
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The aim of the current research is to find out how young adults use urban public spaces in order to identify the factors that reduce the presence of young adults in the public arena of the city. hence, 600 young adults aged 18-25 in Tehran were studied as a statistical sample based on multi-stage cluster sampling. The required information was collected by field study and survey methods and using interviews and questionnaires. Data analysis was done using Statistical methods. The results show that the social spaces of the city has a positive and significant effect on the style of spending leisure time of the young aduts, and parks and coffee shops are among the preferred public places of the young adults. Also, men use public spaces more than women, and most of the young adults who use public spaces are single people. Also, four variables of social order, physical order, sense of security and demographic variables such as age, gender and education have a significant relationship with the amount of use of public spaces.
Sociology
fatemeh Deralhshan; davood parchami
Abstract
Prostitution is a significant social issue present in all societies, characterized by various facets and influenced by numerous factors. Solutions often focus on addressing the root causes, which range from individual biological and psychological backgrounds to broader macroeconomic, social, cultural, ...
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Prostitution is a significant social issue present in all societies, characterized by various facets and influenced by numerous factors. Solutions often focus on addressing the root causes, which range from individual biological and psychological backgrounds to broader macroeconomic, social, cultural, and legal structures within society. This study employs a comparative method centered on capital-oriented social order theory, examining the experiences of several countries (specifically the Nordic model, South Africa, and India) that have successfully managed to mitigate this phenomenon. The proposed solutions aim to reduce the harms associated with prostitution by enhancing cultural, social, and economic capital through reforms in economic, legal, and social structures. The experiences of these selected countries indicate that many societies, particularly in the West, adopt a pathological view of prostitution. Consequently, governments, in collaboration with non-governmental organizations and community members, are striving to control prostitution through legal and judicial policies while empowering vulnerable women across various psychological, cultural, social, and economic dimensions. A key focus is placed on reducing demand.
Sociology
Elahe Abniki; Ahmad Ghiasvand
Abstract
This study sought to investigate the lifestyle changes of Tehran’s citizens. The method was survey. The statistical population was all citizens over 15 years in Tehran in 1402, and 404 were selected as a sample using a multi-stage sampling method. The findings indicated that the lifestyle changes ...
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This study sought to investigate the lifestyle changes of Tehran’s citizens. The method was survey. The statistical population was all citizens over 15 years in Tehran in 1402, and 404 were selected as a sample using a multi-stage sampling method. The findings indicated that the lifestyle changes of Tehran’s citizens have happened in three key dimensions: articulated panic, networked care, and the growth of social activism. Based on the dimension of articulated panic, the feeling of abandonment and pandemic panic has become a fundamental part of the lifestyle of Tehran’s citizens. Based on the dimension of networked care, medicalization of life, avoiding togetherness, virtualization of social life, and physical self-care have become fundamental parts of the lifestyle of Tehran’s citizens. Finally, in the dimension of the growth of social activism, environmental sensitivity and social responsibility have become vital parts of the new lifestyle. In general, the most remarkable change in the lifestyle of Tehran’s citizens has occurred in the indices of “avoiding together” (-0.418), “pandemic panic” (0.413), and “virtualization of social life” (0.283). The slightest changes were related to the indicators of “feeling abandoned” (0.096) and “medicalization of life” (0.114).
