jafar hezarjoraibi
Abstract
Present paper investigates the structure of the middle class (with a focus on new middle class) in Iran. Methodologically this paper is analytical. For data gathering documentary method was used. Theoretical framework for analysis is based on theories of Max Weber & Antonym Giddines. For in these ...
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Present paper investigates the structure of the middle class (with a focus on new middle class) in Iran. Methodologically this paper is analytical. For data gathering documentary method was used. Theoretical framework for analysis is based on theories of Max Weber & Antonym Giddines. For in these two theoreticians’ views, three criteria of wealth, status and power (social and economic status as well as efficiency and expertise) are used to distinguish social classes and strata. (New) Middle class mainly consists of beaurocrats. Although some of them are economically weak, due to the level of their expertise and education they are considered as the members of the middle class. The concept of New Middle class in Iran is formed as a consequence of relation with the west, and its process is not as the same as western countries. Hence the concept of middle class does not have the same sense as in the west. Iran’s Middle class is an outcome of modernization which has been imported from western countries and developed since Mashroute revolution. In conclusion, while the discourse of enlightment is democratic, middle class is created and developed as a concentration of enlightment.
saeed zokaie
Abstract
The increasing leisurization and consumerization of lifestyles in metropolises have huge impacts on gender identities. A combination of local and global conditions alongside the physical features of urban sites, produces diversity and fluidity in gender behavioral patterns. Drawing on a tradition of ...
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The increasing leisurization and consumerization of lifestyles in metropolises have huge impacts on gender identities. A combination of local and global conditions alongside the physical features of urban sites, produces diversity and fluidity in gender behavioral patterns. Drawing on a tradition of cultural studies and reviewing the urban experiences of young girls and women in Tehran, the present paper aims to show the different impacts of leisure and consumer spaces on feminine identifications. The results show that the girls’ gender displays within the city are variable and conform with a pattern ranging from more autonomy and agency in consuming space to passivity and caution. Social differentiation and physical transformations in Tehran together with the emergence of new lifestyles have produced new behavioral templates which could be called “thin femininities”. Thin femininities which require equalitarian and challenging spatial participations, will inevitably change feminine values and involve important connotations both for their rights to the city and the way they understand it.
Demography
Farzad Ghorbani; Mohammad Mirzaei; Mohammad Haddadi; Zainab Mohammadi zade
Abstract
In the last few decades, The average age of marriage has had a considerable increase, it seems that such an increase is not due to a change in people’s tendencies. There is a gap between the actual age of marriage and the ideal age for people, and a number of factors have caused the gap to appear. ...
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In the last few decades, The average age of marriage has had a considerable increase, it seems that such an increase is not due to a change in people’s tendencies. There is a gap between the actual age of marriage and the ideal age for people, and a number of factors have caused the gap to appear. The present study aims to examine the determinants of the gap between the actual and the ideal age of marriage. The statistical population of the study consists of those who are at the age of marriage in the province of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad. The sample size was 400 people which was based on the proportion of the cities’ population. The results showed that more than 60% of participants experienced a gap between their real and ideal age of marriage. Such a gap has been positive for the majority of people. This means that the percentage of people who postponed the ideal time of their marriage is high. Multivariate analysis indicates that education, value orientation, and employment status affect the real and the ideal age of marriage among men. For women, on the other hand, education, family income, value orientation, and employment status have an impact on the aforementioned gap. Approximately among half of the participants the ideal age of marriage was less than the actual age of their marriage, policymakers can provide the structural prerequisites so that the problem of postponed marriage can be resolved, as it is one of the main concerns of the country. And as evidenced by the study’s findings, people have a positive attitude towards marriage at an early age.
nematollah fazeli
Volume 13, Issue 33 , May 2006, , Pages 65-110
Abstract
This article examines how and why to teach anthropological courses based on my own and other anthropologists' experiences. The aim of the article is to help to promote education of anthropology in Iran. In the Introduction, the subject matter andmetbodological issues of this study are explained. Then, ...
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This article examines how and why to teach anthropological courses based on my own and other anthropologists' experiences. The aim of the article is to help to promote education of anthropology in Iran. In the Introduction, the subject matter andmetbodological issues of this study are explained. Then, in the First part, (The Research Problem), the significance of university teaching methods, particularly teaching methods in humanities and social sciences are discussed. The Second part deals with the question of relevance and significance of teaching anthropolo&'Y courses focusing on the state of the discipline in Iran. The Third part discusses the content of anthropology courses. The next part explains and introduces strategics and methods of teaching anthropology courses. The last part examines educational and teaching problems in anthropology courses in Iranian universities.
Sociology
Mahdie Mohammad taghizade
Abstract
"In Iranian society, considerable importance is placed on the family as a vital social and cultural institution. However, despite this emphasis, official statistics indicate a notable increase in divorce rates among families.""The family, as an institution in our country, is undeniably facing significant ...
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"In Iranian society, considerable importance is placed on the family as a vital social and cultural institution. However, despite this emphasis, official statistics indicate a notable increase in divorce rates among families.""The family, as an institution in our country, is undeniably facing significant challenges. The alarming surge in divorce cases over the past years serves as a clear indicator of the distressed state of family dynamics". "Divorce symbolizes the breakdown of the family unit, often resulting in enduring and irrevocable consequences. This phenomenon, akin to a lethal virus, infiltrates the foundational institution of society—the family—and claims a substantial number of victims on a daily basis". "The primary objective of this qualitative study is to explore the underlying reasons behind the decision to divorce among families in Tehran. It employs a descriptive phenomenological approach with thematic analysis as the research method.""Thematic analysis is a six-step methodology encompassing the following stages: familiarization with the data, coding, theme generation, theme evaluation and refinement, theme definition and naming, and report writing". "The study's statistical population comprises married individuals who sought divorce through Tehran's family courts in 1401. A purposeful sampling method was employed, leading to in-depth, semi-structured interviews conducted with 37 participants". "In the data analysis process, initial coding was followed by the extraction of primary and secondary themes. The research findings are presented under two overarching categories: 'warning signs of divorce' and 'factors contributing to separation. Essentially, certain factors may serve as warning signs of impending divorce if experienced by couples at any stage of their marital journey. Conversely, specific events can escalate marital conflicts and increase the likelihood of separation, which can be categorized as triggers or catalysts for divorce.Keywords: Marriage, Divorce, Divorce Catalysts, Separation Decision- Making, Divorced Women. Introduction:"In Iranian society, considerable importance is placed on the family as a vital social and cultural institution. However, despite this emphasis, official statistics indicate a notable increase in divorce rates among families. "The family, as an institution in our country, is undeniably facing significant challenges. The alarming surge in divorce cases over the past years serves as a clear indicator of the distressed state of family dynamics.""Divorce symbolizes the breakdown of the family unit, often resulting in enduring and irrevocable consequences. This phenomenon, akin to a lethal virus, infiltrates the foundational institution of society—the family—and claims a substantial number of victims on a daily basis."Materials and Methods: "The primary objective of this qualitative study is to explore the underlying reasons behind the decision to divorce among families in Tehran. It employs a descriptive phenomenological approach with thematic analysis as the research method. "Thematic analysis is a six-step methodology encompassing the following stages: familiarization with the data, coding, theme generation, theme evaluation and refinement, theme definition and naming, and report writing.""The study's statistical population comprises married individuals who sought divorce through Tehran's family courts in 1401. A purposeful sampling method was employed, leading to in-depth, semi-structured interviews conducted with 37 participants."Results: "In the data analysis process, initial coding was followed by the extraction of primary and secondary themes. The research findings are presented under two overarching categories: 'warning signs of divorce' and 'factors contributing to separation.' The first category comprises three main themes:" "The context of marriage formation encompasses the circumstances surrounding the establishment of the marital union. It involves three sub-themes:Moreover, it comprises 14 additional sub-themes that contribute to the overall understanding of the marital context :Escaping complicated family situations , Sacrificing family secrets to pursue marriage, Viewing marriage as a means to achieve dreams, Considering marriage as the sole source of happiness, Feeling pressured to marry to avoid being left behind by peers, Forming brief acquaintances at work and school, Developing long-term friendships that lead to marriage, Relying on family knowledge for spouse selection and trust surrounding marriage.Experiencing emotional love and believing in destiny (love at first sight), Focusing on beauty and appearance in marriage decisions, Sharing common dreams and goals in life, Achieving genuine compatibility between mental dreams and marital reality, Describing marriage as a packaged watermelon, symbolizing the union of two individuals, Entering marriage with an idealized image of the relationship.The second axis consists of three main categories: incentives and obstacles to divorce, igniting divorce by crossing boundaries, and the dissolution of "marriage" within a structured shared life. This axis encompasses 12 sub-themes, namely: Revealing the true nature of the spouse, Inadequate sexual life skills and dissatisfaction, Poor ability to navigate daily challenges in married life, Breaching moral boundaries, Substance abuse and addiction, Disregard for personal privacy, Protecting children from a stressful home environment, Experiencing disappointment in the marriage, Unsuccessful attempts at change and reconciliation, Losing the sense of partnership and shared life, Receiving counsel to pursue divorce and its legitimization Positive and negative influences from people in the couple's social circle.Conclusion: The findings demonstrated that in the analysis of warning signs leading to divorce, couples frequently entered marital life without establishing compatibility and understanding in crucial aspects such as age, education, culture, religion, appearance, financial standing, and family background during the initial stages of their relationship or courtship. This lack of compatibility in these areas heightened the likelihood of couples experiencing insurmountable challenges upon cohabitation, ultimately increasing the risk of marital failure. The study further revealed that discrepancies between marital reality and an individual's prior expectations could lead to doubts about the relationship's longevity. As couples grew more familiar with each other's behavioral patterns, communication styles, and genuine thoughts over time, they began to question the viability of their marriage. In such cases, the removal of the metaphorical mask, unveiling the true nature of their spouse, placed the individual in an unanticipated situation for which they were unprepared before entering the marriage. Under these circumstances, the revelation of previously unknown moral characteristics, such as mistrust, pessimism, immoral behavior in men, or obstinacy in women, can leave an individual feeling helpless. This vulnerability often fosters an environment of mutual disrespect and humiliation, changes in religious beliefs, dominance and selfishness, as well as feelings of jealousy and competition between spouses.
ebrahim pasha
gholamreza latifi
Volume 12, Issue 30 , August 2005, , Pages 67-89
Abstract
This paper aims to study Heidegger's hermeneutic thoughts in town planning by means of phylosophcal and cognitive arguments. Hermeneutics in lexicon means interpreting sacred book and approaches this understanding from a phenomenological perspective. Hermenutics is the science or theory of interpretation. ...
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This paper aims to study Heidegger's hermeneutic thoughts in town planning by means of phylosophcal and cognitive arguments. Hermeneutics in lexicon means interpreting sacred book and approaches this understanding from a phenomenological perspective. Hermenutics is the science or theory of interpretation. It derives from the Greek word "hermenevein" which means interpreting, translating, clarifying and describing. In Greek mythology, Hermes interprets the often mysterious messages of God for the mortal publics. There is no wonder that hermeneutics as a method originates from interpreting sacred text and has close affinity with religious terminology. Reformist movement controversies over preceded by Protestants emphasis that the sacred book was innately clear and sufficient for understanding. This controversy led to the formation of hermeneutics. The gradual formulation of this arguments as a methodology for interpreting text transformed into a more philosophical theory in the late 19th century focusing on the crucial importance of hemeneutics.
seyed ahmad hoseyni haji bekandeh; fatemeh jafari
Volume 15, Issue 41 , August 2008, , Pages 67-85
Abstract
Drug addiction is a phenomenon which causes considerable physical, mental. social, economic and family problems. The purpose of this article is comparing the effective factors in the recurrence of addiction in two groups : patients who have had a history of drug abuse and patients who have not experienced ...
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Drug addiction is a phenomenon which causes considerable physical, mental. social, economic and family problems. The purpose of this article is comparing the effective factors in the recurrence of addiction in two groups : patients who have had a history of drug abuse and patients who have not experienced a recurrence of addiction. The present method is of a semi-experimental type. Our society consisits of patients who underwent detoxification in January 2007, and their state of health is studied until June2008, for a period of six months. By using a sample volume formula, 73 patients were chosen through systematic statistical sampling for each of the above groups. In this research, question forms were used for gathering information. Results show that taking part in personal counseling sessions, avoiding addicted associates, and controlling the strong desire for drugs by the patients can decrease the recurrence of addiction. It seems different methods are required for the treatment of drug addiction and its recurrence in different groups of patients, where sufficient attention should be focused on age, sex, educational status, family conditions, cultural and social background, occupation, physical and mental conditions, as well as place of residence of the patients and also the methods they use to obtain drugs. Such patients should be supported and treated through application of deeper, more comprehensive methods
abolfazl zolfaghari
Abstract
This study is based on a survey which has been carried out to analyze the relationship among interpretations of religion and religiousness and it's dimensions. For measuring religiousness, the Glock & Stark Model and for interpretation of religion, William Shepard's Typology – which are appropriate ...
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This study is based on a survey which has been carried out to analyze the relationship among interpretations of religion and religiousness and it's dimensions. For measuring religiousness, the Glock & Stark Model and for interpretation of religion, William Shepard's Typology – which are appropriate for Islamic countries such as Iran- have been used. The study has been conducted with 707 male and female students of Tehran public universities in February and March, 2008. The survey has revealed that there is substantial relation between religiousness and interpretation of religion at 99% level of significance, so increasing or decreasing of religiousness makes different interpretations of religion. Moreover, there is considerable difference between secular students and other types of interpretations in ideological, experimental, consequential and ritualistic dimensions of religiousness. In other words other types of interpretations (Islamic modernists, radical Islamists, neo-traditionalists and traditionalists) have no significant difference in their religiousness.
Amir Maghdoor Mashhood; Shojae Ahmadvand
ali khaaksari
Volume 10, Issue 22 , August 2003, , Pages 69-102
Abstract
Traffic, transportation, different types of urban trips, land-use and location of facilities in an urban area are complex issues in today's world and have attracted the attention of many urban and transportation planners. Study. analysis and undersiandig of the causes of these phenomena arc considered ...
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Traffic, transportation, different types of urban trips, land-use and location of facilities in an urban area are complex issues in today's world and have attracted the attention of many urban and transportation planners. Study. analysis and undersiandig of the causes of these phenomena arc considered the first step towards solving related problems, such as air and noise pollutions, traffic congestion, traffic accident and wasting or over-using of natural and economic resources. Urban trips depend on the concentration of different economic, social, cultural and educational activities within a city. Therefore, the more dispersed activities in a city, the higher need and demand for trips will be experienced. Educational trips by university and higher education institutes' students are an important pan of urban trips, particularly in large cities. such as Tehran. This paper examines the causes and effects of different elements; namely gender of the student, mode of transportation,
field of study, time of trip, cost of trip and the quality of the modes of transport.
A sample of 303 students in the faculty of social sciences were randomly
chosen and the data were collected by a questionnaire. Afterwards, different trip patterns were identified by analysing the data. To minimize educational trips, the following suggestion are ma<.Ies:
1- Rationally limiting the number of non-local students.
2- Providing accomodation nearby the faculty or university.
3- Providing charter buses for students.
4- Providing affordable and convinient public buses.
5- Concentrating all faculties and other services in a site, in which travelling on foot and/or by bicycle is made possible and encouraged
leyla yazdanpanah; mohamad hoseyn panahi
Volume 11, Issue 26 , August 2004, , Pages 69-107
Abstract
This paper is based on a survey from citizens of over 18 years, living in the city of Tehran in Iran, to study the impact of the respondents' individual and personality characters on the kind and level of their social participation. A sample of 827 people was randomly drawn from the population, and the ...
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This paper is based on a survey from citizens of over 18 years, living in the city of Tehran in Iran, to study the impact of the respondents' individual and personality characters on the kind and level of their social participation. A sample of 827 people was randomly drawn from the population, and the data was collected using a questionnaire. Based on the Parsonsian theoretical framework, three hypotheses were formulated and tested. The study revealed that the predominant form of social participation in our population was traditional and informal, and that the formal social participation was not institutionalized yet. Moreover, the study showed that activeness, trust, belonging, social commitment, hopefulness, education and nonmaterial values had direct and significant association with the level of social participation.
Cultural Studies
Reza Safarishali
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between social body acceptance and cultural capital and the tendency towards cosmetic surgery. The study was conducted through a survey, and the population included all the 15-54-year-old women living in Malayer in 2016. The sample size estimated ...
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The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between social body acceptance and cultural capital and the tendency towards cosmetic surgery. The study was conducted through a survey, and the population included all the 15-54-year-old women living in Malayer in 2016. The sample size estimated through the Cochran formula was 656, and the sample was selected by simple random and multiphase cluster sampling method. The descriptive results showed that women had a high tendency towards cosmetic surgery (46.5). At the medium level, they posessed cultural capital (37.63), and on the average to upward level (39.7), they desired to be accepted. The regression results showed that from among the independent variables, the dimensions of cultural capital (i.e., objectified, embodied, and institutionalized) and social body acceptance (i.e., general, organizational, and peer), objectified capital (B= 0.51), general social acceptance (B= 0.49), institutionalized cultural capital (B= 0.26), and peer acceptance (B= 0.22) had the highest share in explaining the dependent variable. Furthermore, the prediction equation of the degree of women’s tendency towards cosmetic surgery could explain 58.1% of the variance of the dependent variable. The results also showed that the most common reasons for cosmetic surgery included manifested consumption, objective well-being, and social acceptance.
aboutorab talebi; mahdi Montazeri Moghadam
Abstract
چکیده: این نوشتار ضمن پذیرش بحرانی بودن وضعیت علوم اجتماعی/جامعهشناسیِ ایرانی براساس طرحی نظرورزانه و شناختشناسانه، بحران را در نحوهی مواجه، فهم و خوانش این حوزهی ...
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چکیده: این نوشتار ضمن پذیرش بحرانی بودن وضعیت علوم اجتماعی/جامعهشناسیِ ایرانی براساس طرحی نظرورزانه و شناختشناسانه، بحران را در نحوهی مواجه، فهم و خوانش این حوزهی معرفتی تشخیص داده است. به همین سبب در گام نخست، مروری اجمالی بر زمینههای متعّین تاریخی، معرفتشناسانه و هستیشناسانهی شکلدهندهی معرفت نوین علوم اجتماعی/جامعهشناسی در مغربزمین نموده است.آنگاه، تلاش کرده تا نشان دهد فقدان همین زمینههای متعّین تاریخی، معرفتشناسانه و هستیشناسانهی شکلدهنده، ایجاد علوم اجتماعی/جامعه شناسی در ایران با دشواری بسیار مواجه کرده است. از این رو، برای اثبات مدعای خود به بررسی نظریات سه تن از اساتید ایرانی (محمدعلی همایون کاتوزیان، سیدجواد طباطبایی و پرویز پیران) پرداختهایم، تا نشان دهیم که نظریات علوم اجتماعی/جامعهشناسی ایرانیِ اکنونی امکان لازم برای شناخت جامعهی ایرانی فراهم نمیکند. در این نوشتار برای فهم این مسئله از روش شک دکارتی تبعیت نمودهایم که روشی است مبتنی بر عقل سلیم. نتایج و یافتههای این مطالعه بیانگر آن است که: 1. علوم اجتماعی/جامعهشناسی در وضعیت حاضر امکانات معرفتی کافی در اختیار اندیشمندان علوم اجتماعی ایرانی برای شناخت هستیِ اجتماعیایِشان فراهم نمیکند. 2. جامعهشناس ایرانی نیز در صورت اصرار بر فهم هونی امکان لازم برای شناخت جامعهی ایرانی فراهم نمیکند. در این نوشتار برای فهم این مسئله از روش شک دکارتی تبعیت نمودهایم که روشی است مبتنی بر عقل سلیم. نتایج و یافتههای این مطالعه بیانگر آن است که: 1. علوم اجتماعی/جامعهشناسی در وضعیت حاضر امکانات معرفتی کافی در اختیار اندیشمندان علوم اجتماعی ایرانی برای شناخت هستیِ اجتماعیایِشان فراهم نمیکند. 2. جامعهشناس ایرانی نیز در صورت اصرار بر فهم هستی جامعهاش و نظریهسازی در این حوزه
rahman saeedi
Volume 9, Issue 17 , May 2002, , Pages 71-96
Abstract
ln this article, in discussing the situation of medias and local cultures in globalization epoch, the writer tries to answer the following question: Does globalization make crisis in cultural identity and destroy local cultures in global culture? To answer this question, different viewpoints from a unmber ...
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ln this article, in discussing the situation of medias and local cultures in globalization epoch, the writer tries to answer the following question: Does globalization make crisis in cultural identity and destroy local cultures in global culture? To answer this question, different viewpoints from a unmber of scientists and theoreticians are studied and analyzed by the writer. Then, he introduces the most important schools and concepts regarding to globalization, in - eluding: realism school, internationalization, regionalization, cultural identity, global culture, media globalization. global village, and cultural imperialism. At the end of the article, the hypothesis has been accepted that globalization not only does not destroy local cultures but also refines them.
hoseyn barani; ali akbar mehrabi; mohammadreza moghadam
Volume 8, Issue 15.16 , February 2002, , Pages 71-99
Abstract
According to the existing information, there are about 900,000 small or big herds, which can be considered as production enterprises. There is no detailed knowledge about herd structure and economic function of these units. Therefore statistical data or documents that refer to herd composition are too ...
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According to the existing information, there are about 900,000 small or big herds, which can be considered as production enterprises. There is no detailed knowledge about herd structure and economic function of these units. Therefore statistical data or documents that refer to herd composition are too vague. Viewpoints which are presented on economic function of these units vary too. In this article that is based on the findings of a participatory research among herders of eastern Elburz, we tried to explain detailed composition of stable herds and culled part of flock to sale in each year. According to the results, separation of production from capital and other economic issues of herds such as accounting should be carried out via accurate and obvious manner.
ebrahim saboktakin rizi; mohamma ebrahim movahedi
Volume 12, Issue 31 , November 2005, , Pages 71-110
Abstract
This article intends to carry out a sociological study on the political tendencies of Iranian political activists and elits. This article is the outcome of a scientific research carried out among Iranian political activist and through a survey method. The attempt has been made to explain the social bases ...
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This article intends to carry out a sociological study on the political tendencies of Iranian political activists and elits. This article is the outcome of a scientific research carried out among Iranian political activist and through a survey method. The attempt has been made to explain the social bases of their tendencies to one of the two dominant political wings. The theoretical framework of this article is formed using several sociological theories. A political tendency is taken as the dependent variable, and political socialization, social status, and political experiences as the independent variables. The outcomes shows that political orientation of people to one of two dominant political wings is statistically most related to political socialization and least related to social status. In the other words, social status known in social stratification does not signify the political tendencies of conservatives and reformists rather it is their political socialization that mostly counts for their political tendencies. The results show that the existing dichotomy between two wings is considered as natural and there is no place for being concerned and worried.
Abootorab Talebi; Ahmad Salami
Abstract
This paper examines the phenomenon of writing petition (write a letter Containing a Presentation of wish, to imam) presented from the perspective of actors. The main purpose of this paper is to accede to writer's experience of special connection to the sacred and then to answer two basic question: 1. ...
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This paper examines the phenomenon of writing petition (write a letter Containing a Presentation of wish, to imam) presented from the perspective of actors. The main purpose of this paper is to accede to writer's experience of special connection to the sacred and then to answer two basic question: 1. the person who write the petition and put it in jamkaran well, how to look at this action?2. what is the typology of writer's petition?This topic was analyzed with using Qualitative method. Data were collected in different ways including depth interviews, participant observation, focus group discussions and creating friendly conversation. Our findings shows that it can be seen a type of religiosity called popular religiosity in this phenomenon. Some features of this type of religiosity are: easy acceptance of beliefs, confluence of the sacred and non-sacred, dory ultimate commitment, the involvement of intermediaries, miscible teaching and etc.
Sociology
Mohamad Saeed Zokaei; Mehran Solati
Abstract
One of the fundamental concerns in the political sociology of any society is the nature of government in that society. Governments have various economic, social, cultural and political natures. In the present paper, the effect of Iran’s peripheral position in the global system on the transformation ...
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One of the fundamental concerns in the political sociology of any society is the nature of government in that society. Governments have various economic, social, cultural and political natures. In the present paper, the effect of Iran’s peripheral position in the global system on the transformation of government-nation relations during the first Pahlavi reign is studied. The purpose of the study is to examine the necessary measures of the Pahlavi government with regards to its peripheral position, and to discuss its nature and features. Firstly, the assumption of the authors in this paper is that the economic reconstruction of the Pahlavi government has been in line with harmonizing Iran’s economy with the requirements of the global capitalist system. The second assumption also puts emphasis on the extension of militarism and supervising each and every field of society by Reza Shah. In total, this paper considers the transformations in the government-nation relations of the first Pahlavi reign to be a reaction to Iran’s peripheral position in the global system. The study was conducted with the historical sociology approach and through a documentary method. The results showed that both measures done during the first Pahlavi government, that is, economic reconstruction and the extension of supervision on every aspect of the collective life of the society, has been related to Iran’s peripheral position in the global system.
Mohsen Niazi; Esmail Mazroui Nasrabadi; Shiva Aghabozorgizadeh
Abstract
The family is the most basic social institution that has the task of transmitting the values of society to individuals. In recent decades, changes in different areas of the family community have affected the family. So a different and unknown future awaits the family that has caused social panic. Given ...
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The family is the most basic social institution that has the task of transmitting the values of society to individuals. In recent decades, changes in different areas of the family community have affected the family. So a different and unknown future awaits the family that has caused social panic. Given the vacuum of research in this area, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the future of family values change that has not been done in Iran so it is considered to innovative in its thematic and dominant approach. The statistical population consisted of experts in the fields of sociology and cultural studies. The sample size was 17 persons and data collection tool was interview. After the interviews were conducted by thematic analysis method, the main themes of the interviews were extracted. And then, using the causal layer analysis, their components and dimensions were identified at four levels of Lithuanian, social causes, discourse, and myth. The metaphors / myths derived from the study of family values in Iran in the present study are: Autumn, only myself, home as a dorm.
Mohammad Hossein Panahi; Ali Aliabadi
Abstract
Abstract:This survey research aimed to investigate the relationship between the use of foreign media and political cultures. For this purpose, 410 citizens aged 18 years and older living in 22 districts of Tehran were included in the sample by stratified sampling method, and using research data collected ...
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Abstract:This survey research aimed to investigate the relationship between the use of foreign media and political cultures. For this purpose, 410 citizens aged 18 years and older living in 22 districts of Tehran were included in the sample by stratified sampling method, and using research data collected with a questionnaire, research hypotheses were tested. According to the descriptive findings of the study, the citizens of the statistical sample tended to liberal political values, socialist political values, and Islamic political values, respectively. According to the research results, with the increase in the use of foreign media, the tendency to liberal political culture increased, but the tendency to socialist and Islamic political cultures decreased. Another result of the research was that with increase of information and communication independence of individuals, the tendency towards liberal political culture increased but the tendency towards Islamic and socialist political cultures decreased.Keywords: Foreign media, globalization, information and communication independence, political culture
Tahereh Khazaei
Abstract
Despite its widespread use as an equivalent for immigrant populations, the term diaspora remains semantically and theoretically ambiguous. This study hypothesizes that the term diaspora fails to represent Iranian immigration and its divergent heterogeneities. Discussing theoretical approaches to diaspora, ...
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Despite its widespread use as an equivalent for immigrant populations, the term diaspora remains semantically and theoretically ambiguous. This study hypothesizes that the term diaspora fails to represent Iranian immigration and its divergent heterogeneities. Discussing theoretical approaches to diaspora, the characteristics of Iranian immigration, and the findings of interviews with forty young Iranian immigrants living in France, the present study attempts to offer a more suitable alternative to the term diaspora. It will be revealed that the heterogeneity of Iranian immigration in causes, conception of immigration experience, as well as disinclination to create a unified community in host countries, leads Iranians living outside their country to form small and scattered clusters and live on isolated islands. The term proposed to be used in lieu of diaspora is “archipelago ethnicity”, which shows both the heterogeneity and divergence in Iranian immigration in general and represents the only connection between the scattered and isolated islands, i.e., being Iranian.
Mohammadtaghi Karami; Shima Aliabadi
Abstract
Modesty has always been considered a cultural value in Iranian society although it is widely used, it has long been an important part of the ideal femininity of Iranian society. In addition to culture, modesty is emphasized in formal religious discourse and it is closely related to hijab and some female ...
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Modesty has always been considered a cultural value in Iranian society although it is widely used, it has long been an important part of the ideal femininity of Iranian society. In addition to culture, modesty is emphasized in formal religious discourse and it is closely related to hijab and some female behaviors. Such an approach has led to the mentality that modesty has disappeared from society by reducing the desire of women to the desired formal patterns of hijab in recent years. But today, modesty is an important and living trait and we may talk about changing the meaning of modesty. In this study, following the discovery of the meaning of modesty in Iranian women and their perception of this category, by adopting a phenomenological approach and using the method of thematic analysis, in-depth semi-structured interviews with 20 women aged 18-35 years to provide a formulation of meanings. The three main categories of "Liberation policy - politics of life", "Restrained and empathetic rethinking" and "Embodied formal construction" were extracted and it is indicative of the three categories of Iranian women 's encounter with the category of modesty, which has been able to shape the mental apace of wemen in relation to this concept.
Ali Akbar Tajmazinani; Mahdieh Hamed
