Mohammad Hossein Panahi; Ali Aliabadi
Abstract
Abstract:This survey research aimed to investigate the relationship between the use of foreign media and political cultures. For this purpose, 410 citizens aged 18 years and older living in 22 districts of Tehran were included in the sample by stratified sampling method, and using research data collected ...
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Abstract:This survey research aimed to investigate the relationship between the use of foreign media and political cultures. For this purpose, 410 citizens aged 18 years and older living in 22 districts of Tehran were included in the sample by stratified sampling method, and using research data collected with a questionnaire, research hypotheses were tested. According to the descriptive findings of the study, the citizens of the statistical sample tended to liberal political values, socialist political values, and Islamic political values, respectively. According to the research results, with the increase in the use of foreign media, the tendency to liberal political culture increased, but the tendency to socialist and Islamic political cultures decreased. Another result of the research was that with increase of information and communication independence of individuals, the tendency towards liberal political culture increased but the tendency towards Islamic and socialist political cultures decreased.Keywords: Foreign media, globalization, information and communication independence, political culture
Mohammad Hossein Panahi; Atena Kamel Ghalibaf
Abstract
This study aims at examining strategies of political participation of four varied groups, namely teachers, students, women, and laborers. Drawing on theories of formal/informal political actions, the paper has interrogated the political strategies actors employ to realize their claims within the broader ...
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This study aims at examining strategies of political participation of four varied groups, namely teachers, students, women, and laborers. Drawing on theories of formal/informal political actions, the paper has interrogated the political strategies actors employ to realize their claims within the broader political scene. This includes theories of democratization and authoritarian resilience. In order to gather data, the study uses qualitative methods and semi-structured interview. In this light, 22 political activists from different groups were interviewed. Following this, thematic content analysis came along to assess the findings. Accordingly, four different strategies have been recognized, that is rapprochement or negotiating with state, resisting against state, renewal and reconstructing the organization after repression, and finally making coalition with other groups. However, these strategies should not be considered as completely separated way of acting in the political scene. Quite contrary, actors more often employ the combination of these varied strategies. Furthermore, it seems that political organizations have a kind of sequence beginning with contacting and negotiating with statesman. Next step would be more informal way of action (legal or illegal) which is not without consequences. These consequences make political activists more cautious and lead them toward informal and underground activities including establishing non-registered groups and individual or collective sporadic activities.
Cultural Studies
Mohammad Hoseein Panahi; AliAhmad RafieiRad; Marzieh Mohammadi
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the reception of rural women of Eastern Miankouh of Pol-e-Dokhtar in Iran from the TV series Gozar Az Ranjha (Passing through Sufferings), which was broadcasted from channel one of the Iranian National TV (IRIB TV1) during the winter of 2014. A sample of 21 women ...
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This study was conducted to investigate the reception of rural women of Eastern Miankouh of Pol-e-Dokhtar in Iran from the TV series Gozar Az Ranjha (Passing through Sufferings), which was broadcasted from channel one of the Iranian National TV (IRIB TV1) during the winter of 2014. A sample of 21 women were selected purposively, and semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect the data. The criterion for determining the sample size was theoretical saturation. To analyze the data, thematic analysis was used. The findings indicate that the women, in various social situations, actively received the dominant discourse of the film series. In fact, the type of decryption was in a spectrum that we categorized as oppositional, hegemonic and negotiated positions. The results showed that the rural women made modifications based on their own discourse access in the values and ideals of the text, discussed by them based on their own social and cultural milieu. They modified the meanings of the dominant discourse, including dual contrasts, ideal type of womanhood and psychological orientation based on their position, and they expanded and developed new meanings, such as “the decisive role of men” and “escape from sufferings”. The series attracted the rural audience for entertainment, earning pleasure, participating in group discussions, identification with the roles, etc. Overall, the findings support the theory of ‘active audience’ even for the case of the studied rural women.
Mohammadhossein Panahi
Abstract
سخن آغازین اززمانیکهدولت- ملتهمراهباشکل‌گیریمدرنیتهدراروپاتشکیلشد، یکیاز مهمترینموضوعاتمورد مطالعهعلومسیاسی مدرن و جامعهشناسی ...
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سخن آغازین اززمانیکهدولت- ملتهمراهباشکل‌گیریمدرنیتهدراروپاتشکیلشد، یکیاز مهمترینموضوعاتمورد مطالعهعلومسیاسی مدرن و جامعهشناسی سیاسی رابطه متقابلدولتوملتبودهاست. باشکلگیریدولت-ملت درجوامع غیراروپایی در قرون 19 و 20، موضوعِنوعمناسبرابطهمتقابلدولتو ملت اولویت بیشتری پیدا کرد. البته باید توجه داشت که با وجود اختلافات شرایط تاریخی، فرهنگی، اقتصادی و اجتماعی جوامع بشری، تکوین دولت ملت در جوامع مختلف دینا فرایندیکسانی نداشته است، بلکهانواعدولت- ملت‌هاباویژگی‌هایمختلفتشکیلشدهاست. بعلاوه، دراغلبکشورهایبهاصطلاح «جهان سومی» یا «در حال توسعه» در فرایند تکوین دولت- ملت‌هاعلاوهبرعواملنامساعد داخلی، عوامل خارجینیزاثرگذاشتهو سبب شدهدولتایجادشده رابطهمتوازنومتناسبیباملتوسایرنهادهایاجتماعی برقرار نکردهو انواعکژریختی‌ها، ناکارکردی‌هاوکژکارکردی‌هارابه وجودآورد. در نتیجه، به سبب فرایند مختلف تکوین و اختلاف در شرایط اجتماعی- تاریخی دولت- ملت‌ها، نمیتوان بطور کلیشه‌ای رابطه مناسب یکسانی بین همه دولت‌ها و ملت‌ها یافت و آن را برای همه دولت- ملت‌ها تجویز کرد؛ بلکه باید برای هر دولت- ملتی متناسب با شرایط خاص آن جامعه موضوع مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته و روابط مناسب و کارآمدی شناسایی و تجویز گردد. این وضعیت شامل تکویندولت- ملتدرایراننیز میباشد. عوامل داخلی نامساعدوعواملخارجیمداخلهگرسببشدهاندرابطهمتقابل دولتوملتدر ایران درابعادمختلفسیاسی،اقتصادی،فرهنگیواجتماعی متوازنومتناسبنباشد. در دورهپهلویشکافبزرگ و رابطه ناکارآمدیبیندولتوملت درهمهزمینههاوجود داشت،کهسبببحرانمشروعیترژیم پهلویودرنهایت انقلاباسلامیوسقوط آنشد. پسازانقلاباسلامیبادگرگونی‌هاو اصلاحاتیکهدراینرابطهانجامشد رابطهدولتوملتهماهنگترو متوازنترگردید. امابخشیاز کژریختی‌هاو کژکارکردی‌هایِدورهقبلبه دورهجدیدمنتقلشدهوعواملداخلیوخارجیِجدید نیزبهآنافزوده شده،وسببشدهاستکههنوزدربعضیاززمینههارابطهمتقابل دولتو ملتوسایرنهادهایاجتماعیومدنیکارآمدیلازمرانداشتهوشکاف‌هایی وجودداشتهباشد،ودر نتیجهآنآسیبهایجدیدربعضیاززمینههای اقتصادی، سیاسی،فرهنگیواجتماعیبه وجودآید،کهلازماستبا بررسیومطالعهعالمانهو واقع بینانه اینروابطازمنظرعلوماجتماعی مختلفشکاف‌هایموجودشناختهشدهو راهکارهایمناسبجهترفع وکاهشآنهاپیشنهادشود. ازآنجاکه، همچنان که اشاره رفت،برایشناختوضعیتاینروابطو راهکارهایکارآمدجهترفعآنهافرمول استانداردوازپیش ساختهشده مناسبیوجودندارد،ضرورتدارداندیشمندانعلوم اجتماعیمختلف کشورباپژوهشورهیافتودیدگاه‌هایبومیموضوعرابررسی کردهو پیشنهادهایکاربردیوقابلاجرادرشرایطایرانمطرحکنند،ومسئولان جامعهنیزبابهکارگیریراهکارهایپیشنهادیوانجاماصلاحاتلازم، هماهنگی، توازن،وهمدلیوهمزبانیبیشتریبیندولتودولتمرداناز یکطرف،وملت، شهروندان و نهادهای اجتماعیازطرفدیگربرقرارکنند،تاآسیب‌های اجتماعیموجود، ازجملهفقر،بیکاری،اعتیاد،فسادوغیرهکهغالباًنتیجه اینشکاف‌هااستکاهشیافتهوکیفیتزندگیمادیومعنویملت صبوروبردبارایرانافزایشیابد. همایش «بررسی نظری و عملی روابط دولت و ملت در ایران» به این منظور برگزار گردید که نخبگان علمی کشور به این موضوع مهم توجه خاصی نموده و در این زمینه تامل و تفکر و تحقیق کنند تا شناخت بهتری از نوع روابط موجود دولت و ملت در ایران حاصل شود، شکاف‌ها و آسیب های احتمالی موجود شناخته شود، و سیاست‌های مناسبی برای ترمیم و اصلاح و کارآمد کردن این روابط پیشنهاد شود. این ویژه نامه فصلنامه علوم اجتماعی حاوی تعدادی از مقالات ارائه شده در همایش است، که امید است بتواند حساسیت بیشتر متخصصان کشور را به این موضوع اساسی جلب کند، تا علاوه بر ملاحظه تنوع موضوعات موجود در این زمینه و بهره‌برداری از این مقالات، تحقیقات بیشتری را در این حوزه به انجام رسانند. بدیهی است که سایر مقالات ارائه شده در کنفرانس در مجموعه مقالات کنفرانس به طبع خواهد رسید. دکتر محمد حسین پناهی مدیر مسئول فصلنامه علوم اجتماعی و دبیر همایش بررسی نظری و عملی رابطه دولت و ملت در ایران
mansoore tabrizi
Abstract
In the contemporary era, the internet has a notable role in the life and relationships of human beings. In this research, we try to present the most important effective aspects of internet on marital relationships, and inquire its dimensions. For this reason, nearly forty researches of last two recent ...
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In the contemporary era, the internet has a notable role in the life and relationships of human beings. In this research, we try to present the most important effective aspects of internet on marital relationships, and inquire its dimensions. For this reason, nearly forty researches of last two recent decades (since 1995) were recognized, and qualitative content analysis was used to distinguish two important fields of internet effects on marital life: changes in everyday relationships, and changes in marital boundaries. The overall findings of these researches verify the effect of internet on these two realms, however the different aspects of this relationship should be considered. The effect of internet on everyday life of couples depends on the time, place, kind of consumption, and the situations and periods of a couple’s life. Some internet facilities like sexual content and cyber relationships have important effects on marital boundaries. These effects changes concerning some elements like the reason of consumption, mental, familial and gender backgrounds, and emotional and sexual relationships in the internet.
Mohammadhossein Panahi; Somayeh Sadat Bani Fatemeh
Abstract
While the importance of social and political participation of women in the third World countries is increasing continuously, both for development of these societies and for self-realization of women themselves, it is becoming an essential issue for study. In this paper, we focus on the impact of women's ...
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While the importance of social and political participation of women in the third World countries is increasing continuously, both for development of these societies and for self-realization of women themselves, it is becoming an essential issue for study. In this paper, we focus on the impact of women's political culture on their political participation. Referring Inglehart's theory and other theories related to the impact of political culture on political participation, we advanced our hypotheses. Through a survey, our data were collected and analyzed. The population of the research was women aged 20 and more from the Iranian city of Yazd, from which a random sample of 385 people were selected. The findings indicate that the women's political culture effects on their political participation. Moreover, all of the dimensions of political culture, including the women's attitudes towards the political system and the ruling elite, their political knowledge, attitudes towards their own political capacity, and normatively taking women's political participation, had meaningful positive correlation with their political participation.
Mohammad Ebrahim Movahedi; Mohammadhossein Panahi; Mohammadreza Tahmak
Abstract
Mohammad Ebrahim Movahedi Mohammad Hossein Panahi Mohammadreza Tahmak Date of Receive: 2014/3/7Date of Accept: 2014/6/10Abstractchanges of Local and regional governance institution in Iran, associated with socio-political conditions of the society, is a topic that have not been attended yet in historical ...
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Mohammad Ebrahim Movahedi Mohammad Hossein Panahi Mohammadreza Tahmak Date of Receive: 2014/3/7Date of Accept: 2014/6/10Abstractchanges of Local and regional governance institution in Iran, associated with socio-political conditions of the society, is a topic that have not been attended yet in historical researches. This research has investigated the above-mentioned topic in Bikhejat of Fars with singularity approach to the historical reality, by a mixed method of grounded theory and oral history. The findings show that changes in local and regional governance institution and public socio-political conditions in Bikhejat, on the one hand, has been affected by macro socio-political conditions of the country, and on the other hand, by special socio-political conditions of the region. This is debated in two dispersed patterns: non-centralized sovereignty (from the onset of Qajar to about 1934, and from August 1941 to 1948) and centralized sovereignty (modern state) (from about Solar 1934 to August 1941, and from 1948 to now). The main rapture point is the establishment of a totalitarian modern state in Iran, when local governments are abolished and dissolved; from thenon the changes in local governance follows the formation of the modern state. Moreover, the findings reveal that there is a difference between the history of conformation of non-centralized (federal) sovereignty and modern state in Bikhejat and Tehran; i.e. it is necessary to take into consideration the historical times and multiple temporalities of realities in theorizing state in Iran.
Mohammadhossein Panahi; Mansooreh Zarean
mohamadhosein panahi
Abstract
Political culture, as an aspect of public culture, is a system of political values, attitudes and knowledge by which people interpret their political engagements. The main question of this research was to study the social factors that explain variations of political culture of Golestan Province of Iran. ...
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Political culture, as an aspect of public culture, is a system of political values, attitudes and knowledge by which people interpret their political engagements. The main question of this research was to study the social factors that explain variations of political culture of Golestan Province of Iran. Using quantitative and qualitative methods, Data was collected from a random sample of 562 individuals, living in the cities of the Golestan Province of Iran. Results showed that the society had various political cultures. Also some factors such as educational level, societal security, religion and gender could relatively explain the changes of the political culture and its differences in the society.
mohamad hoseyn panahi
Volume 15, Issue 42.43 , February 2009, , Pages 223-262
Abstract
Some revolutions have significant internal political, social, economic and cultural impacts, as well as major regional and international consequences. The Islamic Revolution of Iran, as a major and phenomenal social revolution, has had important internal, regional and international consequences. One ...
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Some revolutions have significant internal political, social, economic and cultural impacts, as well as major regional and international consequences. The Islamic Revolution of Iran, as a major and phenomenal social revolution, has had important internal, regional and international consequences. One of the international outcomes of the Islamic Revolution has been its impact on political and social sciences, especially on theorizing revolutions. In this paper we have focused on the impact of the Islamic Revolution on theories of revolution, in three areas: causes, processes and outcomes of revolutions. Using Thomas Kuhn's theory of scientific revolutions as our theoretical framework, we hypothesized that: the occurrence of the Islamic Revolution of Iran has had significant theoretical impact on the sociological theories of revolutions. This hypothesis, was broken into three main hypotheses and some sub-hypotheses, and was tested using thematic content analysis. For this purpose, 57 English papers about the Iranian Revolution gathered from international journals were analyzed. The research revealed that the Islamic Revolution of Iran indeed has had significant impact on the theories related to the causes, procesces and outcomes of revolutions
ardeshir entezari; mohamad hoseyn panahi
Volume 14, Issue 38.39 , February 2008, , Pages 91-132
Abstract
Refernce group tendency (RGT) is one the important subjects 111 which has been the field of study for both sociologists and psychologists. This article is a result of a research in order to investigate the relations of "structural openness perception (SOP) and RGT in frame of Robert Merton's reference ...
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Refernce group tendency (RGT) is one the important subjects 111 which has been the field of study for both sociologists and psychologists. This article is a result of a research in order to investigate the relations of "structural openness perception (SOP) and RGT in frame of Robert Merton's reference group theory. Applying a new method named virtual-real comparative survey using two kinds of ordinary hard copy and electronic questionnaire is a kind of innovative in it. The results show non-local reference group is more welcomed in virtual environment than real. Structural openness perception (SOP) is in reverse relation with non-local RGT in both virtual and real environment. Farsi internet usage is also in reverse relation with non-local RGT in real environment but weal in virtual
mohmmad hoseyn panahi; fariba shaygan
Volume 14, Issue 37 , March 2007, , Pages 73-108
Abstract
Political trust addresses the relation between people and state. Researches say political trust has had a declining trend in Iran since the victory of the revolution. Religion is among the factors which affect political trust, and has been emphasized in the theories of the classical and contemporary ...
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Political trust addresses the relation between people and state. Researches say political trust has had a declining trend in Iran since the victory of the revolution. Religion is among the factors which affect political trust, and has been emphasized in the theories of the classical and contemporary sociologists and social capital theorists. This fact is more considerable in Iran where a religious government is in power and religion clearly and apparently intervenes with politics. Guidens describes the impact of religion on the political trust as one of the characteristics of the traditional societies and points to the religious commitments of the authorities in the traditional societies as well as function of the access point, basic trust, and govenment's endeavor to provide social-economic welfare for the people as other factors which affect the political trust. In order to investigate the political trust in three domains of trust in the political system, political institutions and political actors through a survey method, information was collected from 630 over-20-year individuals in Tehran which had been selected by the quota sampling method. Results of the research showed that people trust in the politica system more than institutions and actors. The extent of the religiosity of the respondents as well as their basic trust. satisfaction with function of the access point, interpretation of the extent of religious commitments of the authorities and also state's endeavor to pro' tde social-economic welfare for the people affect the pointerpretation of the respondents of the state's endeavor to provide social-economic welfare for the peoplelitical trust. The highest effect belong, to the
mohammad hoseyn panahi
Volume 13, Issue 36 , February 2007, , Pages 37-75
Abstract
The aim of this article was to investigate the question that: "Has the occurrence and related studies of the lslarnic Revolution of Iran affected developments in the theories of revolutionary process?" To answer 1his question, the autor has utilized Thomas Kuhn and Robert Merton's theories about scientific ...
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The aim of this article was to investigate the question that: "Has the occurrence and related studies of the lslarnic Revolution of Iran affected developments in the theories of revolutionary process?" To answer 1his question, the autor has utilized Thomas Kuhn and Robert Merton's theories about scientific change and development, and has hypothesized that "the studies of the Islamic Revolution have revealed anomalies in the existing theories explaining revolutinary process. causing significant developments such theories". The probe this hypothesis. revolutionary process was analyzed into five aspects of: conditions leading to revolutionary movement. the role of ideology and culture in the process, mobilization and mass participation, the role or organization and leadership, and the role of violence in the movement. Content analysis of 57 articles published in scicnnfic journals found in JSTOR from 1980 to 200-1-, confirmed all five sub-hypotheses ending in the conclusion that the occurrence and studies of the Islamic Revolution of Iran has contributed to significant new devclopmems in the theories of revolutionary process.
mohammad hoseyn panahi; esmail ali zadeh
Volume 12, Issue 28.29 , May 2005, , Pages 89-131
Abstract
Political participation is a subject which has won an exclusive place in our society, specially after the Islamic Revolution. The importance is such that some parts of it, specially voting, have been constantly supported and emphasized by the political system and have been given a great deal of political ...
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Political participation is a subject which has won an exclusive place in our society, specially after the Islamic Revolution. The importance is such that some parts of it, specially voting, have been constantly supported and emphasized by the political system and have been given a great deal of political propaganda. Meanwhile, mass media, as the most important society s political outlet, can play a desicive role in increasing and decreasing the rate of such participation. Based on these facts, a research was done with the purpose of scrutinizing the effect of mass media on political participation rate in Iran. In order to do so, a 430 case samples out of the statistical society of Tehran - 19 onwards - were chosen and necessary data was collected and analyzed through a questionnaire. The result of this study showed that in a long term basis mass media affects indirectly on political participation through factors such as political culture, political efficacy and political stimuli. In addition, the effectiveness of each of the media (TV,Radio, Newspaper & ) was different and in some cases, their effectiveness direction is different as well. To the point of the encourage, the participation in political activities and some others encourage political apathy.
mohammad hoseyn panahi
Volume 8, Issue 13.14 , August 2001, , Pages 1-45
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to consider the question that whether the slogans propagated by the candidates during the sixth Majlis elections were sirmtar to those of the Islamic Revolution or not. If not, what were the differences? Moreover, whether the reformist inclination among the Iranian political ...
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The aim of this paper is to consider the question that whether the slogans propagated by the candidates during the sixth Majlis elections were sirmtar to those of the Islamic Revolution or not. If not, what were the differences? Moreover, whether the reformist inclination among the Iranian political elites and the masses is an indication of their search for realization of the goals and ideals of the Islamic Revolution. or is an indication of a diversion from some of those ideals and goals. For this purpose. the slogans propagated. by various political organizations and candidates of Tehran province, obtained from 10 newspapers during the campaign days, were analyzed using content analysis method, and compared to the slogans of the Revolution. A general comparison of the two sets of slogans reveals that there is a significant difference between the structure of the slogans oft he Islamic Revolution. related to the goals and ideals of the Revolution, and those of the election campaigns. The most important difference is that. in the campaign slogans, compared to those of the Revolution, sensitivity and emphasis on the Islamic and cultural subjects have declined: in contrast. attention 10 and emphasis on social and economic issuses have increased. However, the question that the observed differences betray a deviance from the slogans of the Revolution is arguable.
mohamad hoseyn panahi
Volume 7, Issue 11.12 , March 2001, , Pages 63-84
Abstract
Slogans are considered as a useful and valuable reference in analyzing various revolutionary trends. In case of the Islamic Revolution of Iran, these references have not been studied sociologically yet. The writer of this article intends to analyze the backgrounds and objectives of the Islamic Revolution ...
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Slogans are considered as a useful and valuable reference in analyzing various revolutionary trends. In case of the Islamic Revolution of Iran, these references have not been studied sociologically yet. The writer of this article intends to analyze the backgrounds and objectives of the Islamic Revolution based on its slogans. First of all, the writer has explained the compilation and separation procedures of the slogans (nearly 4150 slogans). Then, demonstrating the related tables and figures, he has tried to clarify the backgrounds of the Islamic Revolution. Finally, some conclusions from the content analysis of the slogans have been presented. According to this research, the undesirable cultural and political conditions of the Pahlavi Government are considered as the most important factors leading to the Islamic Revolution of Iran.
