ali janadleh
Abstract
Institutional Relations between State and Society in Pre-Modernized Iran (Criticizing the Theory of Historical Gap Between the State and the Nation in Iran and Providing an Alternative View) Ali janadleh[1] Received: 5/6/2016 Accepted: 10/10/2016 Abstract In most ...
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Institutional Relations between State and Society in Pre-Modernized Iran (Criticizing the Theory of Historical Gap Between the State and the Nation in Iran and Providing an Alternative View) Ali janadleh[1] Received: 5/6/2016 Accepted: 10/10/2016 Abstract In most socio-historical studies, the gap between the state and the nation has been introduced as a historical and inherent feature of the traditional Iranian society. This means that the state's lack of external legitimacy, as well as the lack of procedures that determine the rights and duties of the state and society, have led to the alienation of social forces and the state of each other, and the historical gap between state and society. Hence the only relationship between these two was the exercise of unilateral domination by the state over society and obedience and subordination of society to the state. Referring to the historical institutionalism approach and using Reactive sequences analysis, this article provides an alternative narrative of the relation between state and nation. In this narrative, on the contrary, to the theory of the historical gap between the state and the nation, the mutual needs of the state and social forces led to a specific institutional configuration in the Iranian society, that was based on a complex network of interactions between the four main institutions of central government, the clergy, tribes and the market, resulting in relatively stable institutional balance between these institutions. This institutional configuration was rooted in a series of Reactive sequences, which brought about the formation of the Safavid government based on numerous tribal and ideological foundations. [1].Asistant Professor of women Studies, Allameh Tabataba'i University. a.janadleh@gmail.com
Meisam Ahrabian Sadr
Abstract
The objective of this study is to evaluate certain theoretical approaches that as a general framework, play a central role in analyzing spatial inequality in contemporary Tehran. The aim of this work is to identify the theoretical contribution of each study in connection with other research. Understanding ...
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The objective of this study is to evaluate certain theoretical approaches that as a general framework, play a central role in analyzing spatial inequality in contemporary Tehran. The aim of this work is to identify the theoretical contribution of each study in connection with other research. Understanding the general framework of spatial inequality analysis, the potentiality of each theory could be outlined and developed. In addition, clarifying the main factors of explaining Tehran's spatial inequality and understanding their similarities and differences, it is hoped that this study could provide the possibility of epistemological and methodological reflection on these basic approaches. Hence, initially through a brief review of the sociological theories focused on explanation of spatial inequality, an overview of the main concepts and assumptions of this field of social science has been presented. After that, exploring the archive of publications on the subject, the theories and opinions of the researchers, specifically those who have investigated on Tehran, have been criticized and reviewed. Using the scope of the literature, all findings are categorized in three levels of analysis, macro, and micro and mezzo, so that based on the level of analysis, the interpreting and analyzing of each theory could be possible. The results show that are some assumptions common between all researches. At the same time, some aspects of Tehran's spatial inequality has not been, sociologically and historically, explored yet or there are more rooms for further investigations. Therefore, on basis of this study, some area of research could be suggested which could develop our understanding about rapid socio-spatial changes in Tehran.
mohammad ali khalili ardakani; Bahareh Arvin; farzad tavassoli farsheh
Abstract
Social trust is one of the important aspect of human relations, which pave the way for communication and cooperation between the members of society. Therefore, social trust has always been of great importance. In modern societies make massive changes in the way of social organization, extensive division ...
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Social trust is one of the important aspect of human relations, which pave the way for communication and cooperation between the members of society. Therefore, social trust has always been of great importance. In modern societies make massive changes in the way of social organization, extensive division of labor, increasing the spatial and temporal relations and increase the indeterminacy and the risks of social life has caused social trust and especially its two dimensions: generalized and institutional trust, is more and more important and necessary. This study attempts to Sociological explanation the Social trust of youths in Mashhad. The sample size 384 was calculated and multi-stage Cluster sampling was conducted. In this study the social trust in three dimensions of Interpersonal, Generalized and Institutional, has been measured. Also the descriptive findings showed that the amount of social trust is between 25.5% of respondents high, 53.1% moderate and 21.4% low. Research hypotheses extracted from the theoretical model implies that the relationship between Rate of social relationships , a sense of justice, and Egoistic individualism with social trust. In experimental level, theoretical arguments research through regression analysis was judged. Based on the results of research explanatory ,there are Significant correlation between all three independent variables and aspects of social trust. According to the results of stepwise regression test, the Rate of social relationships and the sense of justice Variables remained in the final model and the Egoistic individualism Variable, although a significant correlation with the social trust has, but as a predictive variable was removed from the final model. Based on justified coefficient of determination obtained in the final model, We can say that 36 percent of social trust changes are explained by two variables of the sense of justice and the Rate of social relationships.
bagher khoramshad; mohammad javad mosanejad
Abstract
The king and the government of Ali Amini, who had the responsibility for the implementation of this major project inspired by the thoughts of America's prominent contemporary Walt Whitman Rostow were developments in Iran following the introduction of the Western version.the world's support. In this review ...
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The king and the government of Ali Amini, who had the responsibility for the implementation of this major project inspired by the thoughts of America's prominent contemporary Walt Whitman Rostow were developments in Iran following the introduction of the Western version.the world's support. In this review article Rostow's theory of development and the relationship between this theory and development in rural and land reform, land reform in Iran, we will explain. In general, land reform in Iran passed through three stages: 1. The first stage of land reform bill passed by Persian date Dey 1340 began and lasted for 1 year. 2. TsvybNamh 18 TsvybNamh 3 Esfand 1343 Persian date Bahman 1341 started and carried out. 3. The third phase, from 1347 till 1351 formally ended. The main part of services Rostow at the ISC (MIT) (supplied with the Max Millikan and took a group of experts) aimed at justifying the US interests in the global development and planning process and the planning for its economic assistance to developing countries.
Mostafa Bagheriyan; gholamreza khoshfar
Abstract
Abstract As a form of participation, political participation is one of the social and political development indicators in countries. Students are one of the major groups of a society whose participation is necessary in the management of a society and the process of political, social and cultural development. ...
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Abstract As a form of participation, political participation is one of the social and political development indicators in countries. Students are one of the major groups of a society whose participation is necessary in the management of a society and the process of political, social and cultural development. Political participation of students, the largest population group in developing countries and responsible for the management of society in the future, is of particular importance for political stability and dynamics of society. This study was conducted to identify the relationship between religion and political participation among students. The research method was based on collecting and analyzing data, survey methodology. The study included 249 students of Mazandaran University. To collect information a questionnaire was used and its credit and reliability was approved using formal method and Cronbach's Alpha, respectively. Based on the results, there was significant correlation between religiosity and its four dimensions (religious behaviors, religious beliefs, outcomes, experiences) with political participation. The correlation remained even with controlling gender and age group. Among the four dimensions of religiosity, rituals showed the strongest correlation with political participation. The results of this study are consistent with previous researches. Keywords: Religious, Political participation, Students, Mazandaran University.
