Methodology of Social Sciences
Zahra Naji Azimi; Zahra Baghaee; Naser Motahari Farimani; Saeedeh Rezaee
Abstract
In modern welfare systems, although the government holds the primary responsibility for ensuring well-being, it is sometimes unable to cover all layers of poverty, particularly during economic crises. In this context, charitable institutions act as "complementary" entities, covering groups that remain ...
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In modern welfare systems, although the government holds the primary responsibility for ensuring well-being, it is sometimes unable to cover all layers of poverty, particularly during economic crises. In this context, charitable institutions act as "complementary" entities, covering groups that remain unsupported by the government.. However, their major challenge lies in resource limitations and the necessity of optimally allocating these resources to the neediest individuals. The present research, adopting a practical approach, introduces a new quantitative model to address this challenge. This method is based on the integration of multi-criteria techniques and was implemented on households covered by the Relief Committee in Golbahar city, with data collected from 150 households. In this model, a combination of SWARA and WASPAS methods has been used to identify factors and rank households; specifically, "SWARA" was used for weighting indicators, and "WASPAS" was employed for the final ranking. The results indicate that "low income level," "employment status of household members," and "family size," with weights of 0.110, 0.101, and 0.093 respectively, are the most critical indicators of food security. Unlike traditional methods, this model facilitates targeted intervention by accurately identifying high-risk households.
Sociology
Mohammad Amerian; Fargah Afshar
Abstract
This study examines the representation of “Iranian society” in high school English textbooks in Iran. Its main goal is analysis of the thematic content of the books and evaluation of the comprehensiveness, accuracy, and diversity of the image they present of Iranian society. To this end, ...
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This study examines the representation of “Iranian society” in high school English textbooks in Iran. Its main goal is analysis of the thematic content of the books and evaluation of the comprehensiveness, accuracy, and diversity of the image they present of Iranian society. To this end, the subject-oriented sections (lesson illustrations, conversation topics, and reading comprehensions) of English textbooks for the first and second years of high school (six book titles) and their corresponding books in the technical and vocational schools (two book titles) were subjected to qualitative content analysis through codification based on (1) cultural diversity (diversity of values, customs, language, and the like) and (2) social diversity (differences in economic and social class). The results show that the majority of categories that could be extracted from these textbooks revolve around "education", "science", "geography and nature", "customs and traditions", and "tourism and cultural heritage", and "Iranian society" (with its cultural and social variety, diversity and multiplicity) is rarely represented in them. Based on the findings of this study, it is suggested that the content of high school English textbooks be revised and improved with a multifaceted approach, diversification of images and narratives, and the use of modern educational technologies.
