parviz ejlali
Volume 16, Issue 44 , May 2009, Pages 1-47
Abstract
The aim of this paper is presenting an account of the development of the body of knowledge which so far has been known as planning theory. This branch of knowledge studies the major issues related to different kinds of planning. hough, the origin of planning practice was in Soviet Union , the first steps ...
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The aim of this paper is presenting an account of the development of the body of knowledge which so far has been known as planning theory. This branch of knowledge studies the major issues related to different kinds of planning. hough, the origin of planning practice was in Soviet Union , the first steps toward creating a set of theoretical axioms for justifying and explaining planning was taken in capitalist world and in the turn of the 20th century, These attempts were based on theory of Rationalization of Weber and ideas of Karl Manheim on the conscious administration of the society and economy. Since, in the realm of planning theory, there are competing theories with different philosophical-scientific as well as social-political backgrounds and arguments, so that in a study like this, one can neglect none of them, the only solution is using typologies. The first and most widely used typology of planning th Theory which explains the procedure of planning per se, irrespective of what we plan for, In other words, one group of theories discusses issues of planning methodology, and the other group is specialized in issues related to subjects of plans. Furthermore, Falludi strongly believed that procedural theory is the area of specialization of planners rather than substantive which has its own specialists (economists, sociologists etc.). Therefore, for him procedural theory is the real planning theory. Falludi typology was seriously criticized by many authors (especially in second half of 1970s and first half of 1980s. These criticisms Jed to suggestion of new typologies. In 1980, Nigel Taylor recognized two classes of theories related to planning: sociological and philosophical. In fact by coined these two terms, he tried to distinguish between descriptive theoretical statements and statements with prescriptive nature. Later. In 1983,Cooke explained three kinds of theories: 1) Development process !heories,2)Planning process !heories,3)Theories of Government. As a matter of fact, he tried his best to put all challenging issues related to planning in his package. In the last year of 1980s Yiftachel suggested a six- dimentional model of planning theories. This typology is based on two criteria: first whether the the theory is explanative or prescriptive, and second whether the theory is about analysing the nature of planning subject or it is about the form of planning product(the plan itself)or is related to the procedure of planning. The result would be six types of planning theory: 1) analytical-explanative, 2) formal-explanative, 3) procedural-explanative, 4) analytical prescriptive, 5) formal-prescriptive, 6) procedural-prescriptive. In 1990s postmodernism took the lead everywhere. Among post modern planning theorists, Allmendinger recognized five types of planning theories as follows: Social scientific philosophy, Social theory, exogenous theory, framing theory and indigenous theory. In this decade we witness an escape from complicated typologies and more or less a return to Falludi's with some modifications. As a conclusion in this paper we present a typology of planning theories which can embrace all theoretical endeavors related to major planning issues as planning theories with no hierarchy among them.
nader salar zadeh amiri; seyed hasan hoseyni
Volume 16, Issue 44 , May 2009, Pages 49-88
Abstract
Economic, Cultural & Social capitals are considered as worthwhile sources in every society. According to sociological theories, a combination of these capitals, determines the socio-economic status of peoples and the measure of these capitals' possession decide the situation of everyone in social ...
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Economic, Cultural & Social capitals are considered as worthwhile sources in every society. According to sociological theories, a combination of these capitals, determines the socio-economic status of peoples and the measure of these capitals' possession decide the situation of everyone in social stratification. Again, According to sociological theories the socio-economic status of peoples affects their attitudes towards different issues. Therefore the measure of different capitals· possession shapes peoples' attitudes towards social issues. On the other hand social justice refers to the special way that these capitals are distributed. How ersity and a stratified sampling control based on sex was drawn (n = 371 ). he results demonstrate that there is relationship between students' attitudes towards social justice and their possession different capitals. And the role of economic & cultural capital is more important than social capita in shaping such attitude. Students tend to the equality approach more than proportion and in the final analysis higher status students rather show most tendencies tu Economic Individualism and it is same about students who possess more economic capital. Students who possess more cultural capital have more tendencies towards proportion approach than others. Also students with higher social capital tend towards Equity approach. Sex & age also affect students· attitudes.
khadijeh safiri; abuali vadad hir; somayeh talebi ardakani
Volume 16, Issue 44 , May 2009, Pages 89-121
Abstract
This paper aims to examine the socially and culturally constructed nature or the issue of Mehriyeh among women grappling with the issue in Shiraz, Iran. More specifically, the study aims at the understandings, reasons and purposes of women to ask over their Mehriyeh, while they have it in mind getting ...
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This paper aims to examine the socially and culturally constructed nature or the issue of Mehriyeh among women grappling with the issue in Shiraz, Iran. More specifically, the study aims at the understandings, reasons and purposes of women to ask over their Mehriyeh, while they have it in mind getting divorced. This study, epistemologically, enjoys a social constructionist perspective for approaching the issue and, methodologically, draws on a qualitative approach for gathering/making and analyzing data. J,1 order of gathering data, twenty-six in-depth interviews were done with wives who had difficulties for receiving their Mehriyeh. Interviews were witnessed many difficulties in terms of feasibility. For instance, all interviews were done in a public place in Shiraz in two months. The findings of the research are evidence for heterogeneity of the issue of Mehriyeh in terms of roots, forms. and consequences. The interviewed women thought of Mehriyeh as a tool to defend their rights and autonomy and recover their styles of life. Moreover, handling the issues of Mehriyeh entails review and re-formulation of the laws to be improved the condition of marriage and divorce, women said.
tahereh ghaderi
Volume 16, Issue 44 , May 2009, Pages 123-154
Abstract
This article is the outcome of an exploratory research which was conducted in the year 2002 The objective of the research was to investigate the attitudes and the views of the sociology students in Allameh Tabatabaei University towards the discipline of Sociology and towards the university . To study ...
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This article is the outcome of an exploratory research which was conducted in the year 2002 The objective of the research was to investigate the attitudes and the views of the sociology students in Allameh Tabatabaei University towards the discipline of Sociology and towards the university . To study the differences in the attitudes and views of those students who had just entered the university with the students of the previous years i.e. those who had been studying sociology for one to four years more than these beginners , and to examine the effects of university education on the formation of these attitudes and views were the other objectives of that research . The results of the research indicate that the majority of the students i.e. %66, had a positive attiudc towards Sociology . In regards to the university , %35 had a positive attitude . The other results of the research indicate that the years which students had studied in the university had not affected some of their views about sociology, but they had affected their views and attitudes towards the university. The survey Population has been the students of sociology in the social sciences faculty of Allame Tabatabaee University' All of whom filled out the questionnairy
davoud hasan zadeh; maryam meskini
Volume 16, Issue 44 , May 2009, Pages 155-192
Abstract
This paper tends to study the role of regional planning in the national planning system of Iran and its effect on human development in various provinces. In spite of efforts undertaken during recent years especially during the Third and Fourth National Economic, Social and Cultural Development Programs, ...
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This paper tends to study the role of regional planning in the national planning system of Iran and its effect on human development in various provinces. In spite of efforts undertaken during recent years especially during the Third and Fourth National Economic, Social and Cultural Development Programs, the regional planning and development and its role in the national planning system still presents a challenge deserving more efforts, because the regional inequality with its consequences poses an obstacle to balanced and sustainable development. To clarify the significance of regional planning in human development of the provinces, the secondary analysis method is applied on data from various national and regional surveys. Variables of economic development, social and spatial inequality and social capital are used to examine the extent of human development in different provinces. The study shows that in national development programs both before and after the revolution some steps were undertaken to foster the regional planning in Iran, but the Third and Fourth Development Programs could be considered out standing in this regard. The situation of regional development is also investigated here using variables such as economic development, social capital and socio! and spatial inequity, and considering their impact on human development.
talat allah yaari; esmat miri balchi
Volume 16, Issue 44 , May 2009, Pages 193-219
Abstract
The airn of this research is tu measure job satisfaction and its effective factors among social workers in the city of Tehran. In order to achieve this goal, 134 social workers employed in the Ministry of Health. and Welfare Organization in the Ministry of Social Welfare, were studied. The result indicated ...
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The airn of this research is tu measure job satisfaction and its effective factors among social workers in the city of Tehran. In order to achieve this goal, 134 social workers employed in the Ministry of Health. and Welfare Organization in the Ministry of Social Welfare, were studied. The result indicated that: Most social workers were moderately satisfied with their jobs. Job satisfaction of social workers was related to their marital status. Job satisfaction of social workers had a negative relation to their age. Joh satisfaction of social workers was not related to their level of education. Job satisfaction of social workers had a meaningful negative relation 10 their working experience. Job satisfaction of social workers had no relation to the kind of agent')' they were employed in. Using the result of a factor analysis, factors of job satisfaction questionnaire were divided to six factors including: Nature of the work, job promotion, management, salary and privileges, working conditions. and staff relationships. Then the portion of each factor was clarified in the job satisfaction of social workers.
