Document Type : Research Paper

Author

• Alireaz Bizaban

PhD Candidate of Sociology, Shahid Beheshti University

Abstract

Abstrac
Transition of democracy in the Middle East question paper. The purpose of this article is to answer the question of why revolutionary movements sweeping the Middle East (Arabic spring) that the overthrow of authoritarian rule and political reforms in some countries led to the consolidation of democracy meant the establishment of democratic procedures did not seek, but a reproduction of authoritarianism with a new formulation has been sought? As a theoretical solution to the problem, theories of democracy consolidation process (theory of rentier states, civil society, political culture, the legitimacy of democracy, etc.) were examined. To test the causal conditions of comparative qualitative techniques (Boolean algebra) was used. Results Boolean algebra to the case of Egypt, Libya, Yemen suggest that the government's ties to rent sources, weak civil society, political culture Khvdsalar governance and economic underdevelopment as well as uncompromising political elite of the most important obstacles in both structural and wisdom (actors) to establish democracy. Boolean algebra results also show that the government relies rentier incomes, weak civil society, non-democratic political culture and Khvdsalar and uncompromising elites and the lack of legitimacy of democracy in Bahrain prerequisite for the socio-economic underdevelopment not necessary and not enough to prevent the consolidation of democracy.

Keywords

• "Democracy"
• "transition of democracy"
• "Middle East"
• "Reproduction of authoritarianism"