Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 Master's student in Jurisprudence and Fundamentals of Islamic Law, Faculty of Theology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Judge & PhD student Criminal Law and Criminology, Department of Criminal Law and Criminology, Faculty of Law, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Police militarization as a mechanism to combat complex and organized crimes, as well as security threats, has gained attention in recent years in many countries, including Iran, particularly within the framework of differentiated security-oriented criminal policies targeting specific crimes. This research, conducted using a descriptive-analytical method and library resources, examines the conceptual foundations, reasons, and socio-political consequences of police militarization, drawing on comparative studies of military police in countries such as the United States, Mexico, and Iran. The findings reveal that while proponents highlight advantages such as quicker responses to armed threats, increased crime deterrence, and enhanced psychological security, police militarization in practice carries significant unintended consequences. These include heightened mutual violence between police and citizens, diminished public trust in law enforcement institutions, intensified class disparities, and the suppression of marginalized groups. Additionally, reliance on costly military equipment and repressive strategies has not only failed to reduce crime rates but has also undermined democratic quality and the legitimacy of criminal justice systems. The results of this research emphasize the necessity of rethinking security policies, prioritizing a balance between security and civil liberties, and implementing community-oriented, culture-oriented, and economy-oriented programs.
Keywords
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