Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Professor of Sociology, Kashan University, Kashan, Iran

2 PhD in Sociology of Social Issues, Kashan University , Kashan, Iran

3 PhD Candidate in Sociology of Social Issues, Kashan University , Kashan, Iran

Abstract

The aim of this study was to meta-analysis of researches on the relationship between religiosity and social health, and this study was conducted to estimate the size of the effect of religiosity on social health. The statistical population consisted of all the studied studies from 2010 to 2020. Through purposeful sampling, 19 researches were selected as the final samples that have suitable characteristics for entering meta-analysis. In order to analyze the information, comprehensive CMA2 meta-analysis software has been used. The findings show that the size of the random combined effect of religiosity on social health is moderate, i.e. 0.331, considering the heterogeneity of the studies of the two variables "sex" and "geographic range" as the moderating variable was investigated. The results showed that social health among men is more affected by religiosity than women. Also, the results of the moderating role of geographical area showed that social health among citizens living in the north of the country is more affected by religiosity than other geographical areas.

Keywords

Alizadeh, Z. Akbari, Z. Salehi, V. Dehkordi, A. (2015). Investigating the Relationship between Different Dimensions of Religiosity and Social Health of Students (Sample Study of High School Students in Dehaghan), Quarterly Journal of Social Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Shushtar Branch, 10th year, No. 2, 109-128 [In Persian].
Ali Ghadimi, B. (1398). Investigating Economic and Social Factors Affecting Women's Social Health with Emphasis on Religiosity, Scientific Quarterly of Islamic Economics and Banking, 219-243. [In Persian].
Afshani, A. Shiri, M. Abad, H. (1396). The Relationship between Religiosity and Social Health of Women in Yazd, Journal of Paramedical Fire Temple, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Volume 11, Number 1, 74-66. [In Persian].
Berger, P. Hansfried, K. (2002). Homeless Mind: Awareness and Modernization Translated by Mohammad Savoji, Tehran Ney Publishing.
Bergin, A. (2018). Religiosity and mental health: A critical reevaluation and meta-analysis. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 14(2), 170 184. https://doi.org/10.1037/0735-7028.14.2.170.
Brown, H. Tierney, B. (2009). Religion and subjective well-being among the elderly in china. The Journal of Socio-Economics, 38: 310-319.
Blanco, A. Diaz, D. (2007). Social order and mental health: a social well- being approach. Autonoma university of Madrid, psychology in Spain, Vol, 11(5).
Dalir, M. Media, F. (2013). The Role of Religious Adherence in Predicting Social Health Components, 2nd Iranian Congress of Social Psychology. [In Persian].
Diana, G. Jacobijn, T. Andrea, B. , Rudi, M, Westendorp, G. (2010). Handgrip strength as a predictor of functional, psychological and social health. A prospective population-based study among the oldest old, Journals Age and Ageing, 39 (3), 331-337.
Fazlumibdi, F. Mohammad, T. (1378). Religiosity and Freedom, Tehran: Afrineh Publishing. Ghorbanizadeh, the Face of God and Hassan Nangir, Seyed. [In Persian].
Phillip, C. (2011). Religion as resource: religion and immigrant economic incorporation. Social Science Research, 40, 1350–1361.
Giddens, A. (1386). Sociology, translated by Hassan Chavoshian, Tehran: Ney Publishing. [In Persian].
Ghobaribab, B. khodayarifard, M, Shokoohi, Y. Mohsen, N. Faqihi, R. Nejad, A. (1391). Theoretical foundations and methodology of religiosity scales: including religiosity questionnaires, Tehran: Avae Noor Publishing. [In Persian].
Ghaffari, G. Molaei, J. Momeni, H. (1397). Investigating the Factors Affecting the Social Health of the Citizens of Ilam Province, Social Development Quarterly, Volume 13, and Number 1, 37-66. [In Persian].
Hallberg, R.  Blomqvist, K . (2006). with reduced self‐care capacity: the relationship to social, health and financial aspects, Journals Clinical Nursing, 15 (5), 607-618. 
Henrich, J, Bauer, M, Cassar, A, Chytilov, J, Purzycki, G. (2020). War increases religiosity, Nature Human Behaviour, Journal nature human behavior, 56 (9).
Heidarkhani, A. Nourbakhsh, Y. Ghanbari, N. (2015). Investigating the Relationship between Religiosity and Social Health of Youth in the Suburbs of Kermanshah, Journal of Dowry Planning and Social Development, Volume 6, and Number 30, 31-66. [In Persian].
Hosseini, M. (1397). Religiosity in the Contemporary World, Tehran: Nissan Publications. Health (Case Study: Students of Payame Noor Marand University), Journal of Social Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Volume 12, 168-167. [In Persian].
Farzaneh, N. (2013). The Relationship between Social Health and Religiosity and Spirituality and Predicting Social Health through Religiosity, the Second Iranian Congress of Social Psychology. [In Persian].
Idrisi, L. Sheikhzadeh, L. Bozorgri, M. (1395). The effect of the feeling of social security on the social health of physicians (Case study: physicians in Tehran), Scientific Journal of the Organization of the Medical System of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Volume 34, Number 3, 215-234.
Ian, M, Chairman, O (2006). Measuring Health: A Guide to Rating Scales and Questionnaires, Oxford University, New York.2006.
Lefevor, G Davis, E Paiz, J & Smack, A. (2021). The relationship between religiousness and health among sexual minorities: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000321.
Tawasul, M. (1393). Social Health: Dimensions, Axes and Indicators in Global and Iranian Studies, Journal of Ethics and Biology, Volume 4, Number 14, 115-135.
Taha (1393). CMA2 Meta-Analysis Software Application Guide, Sociologists Publications. [In Persian].
Shojaei, Z. (1380). Religion, Society and Secularization: Essays in the Sociology of Religion, Tehran: Markaz Publishing. [In Persian].
Serajzadeh, H. Javaheri, F. Velayati, S. (1392). Religion and Health: The Test of the Effect of Religiosity on Health among a Sample of Students, Volume 24, Number 1, 55-77. [In Persian].
Shahmirzaloo, H. Rafiei, H. Mousavi, M. Ghaedamini, H. Gholamreza, H. Safa, Z. (1398). Investigating the relationship between the components of religiosity and social health in adults in Tehran. [In Persian].
Sara, A. (1392). Assessing social health and its related factors among households in Tabriz, Quarterly Journal of Sociological Studies, Volume 3, Number 10, 27-44. [In Persian].
Salleh, M. (2019). Religiosity in Development: A Theoretical Construct of an Islamic-Based Development, International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2019, 2 (14), 264- 274.
Rezadoust, K. Hosseinzadeh, A. Rostami, A. (1398). A Study of Sociological Factors Affecting the Social Health of Students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Social Development Quarterly, Volume 12, Number 1, 1-30. [In Persian].
Rahmani Khalili, E. (1399). Social health as a result of religiosity, voluntary participation and social bonding, Quarterly Journal of Cultural Sociology, Volume 11, Number 3, 117-143. [In Persian].
Rahmani, K. (2020). Social health guide of religiosity, voluntary participation and social bonding, Cultural Research Society, year 11, No. 3, 117 - 143. [In Persian].
Rad, F. Fatemeh; M. (1394). Religion and Health: A Study of the Relationship between Religiosity and Social Raei, [In Persian].
Ryan, T. Cragun, J, Sumerau, E, Alexandra,  C. (2016).   Do religiosity and spirituality really matter for social, mental, and physical health? A tale of two samples, Sociological Spectum, 6, 359 -377.
Purstar, M. Hekmati, I. (1389). Predicting Social Health Based on Religious Beliefs among Female Students, Quarterly Journal of Women and Family Studies, Volume 2, Number 7, 27-40. [In Persian].
Parsa M. Asghari Y. (1394). Investigating the Relationship between Psychosocial Health and National and Religious Identity among High School Students in Yazd, Quarterly Journal of Education, No. 126, 31-46. [In Persian].
Niazi, M. Sakhaei, A. (1399). Investigating the Impact of Sociological Structures on Social Health (Case Study: Citizens of Tehran), Quarterly Journal of Social Studies, 37-77. [In Persian].
Maller, J. (2016). Promoting children's mental, emotional and social health through contact with nature: a model, Journals Health Education, 109 (16). 
Meng, P, Fang, P, Liu, X, Beibei, Y, Jin, X. (2015). Consolidating the social health insurance schemes in China: towards an equitable and efficient health system, Journals the lanset, 386 (10002), 1484 – 1492.
Movahed, M. Karami, F. (2019). Religiosity and Health: The Relationship between Religiosity and Health-Oriented Lifestyle among Citizens of Shiraz, Sociology of Social Institution, No. 6, No. 13, 127 - 148. [In Persian].
Marmot, M. Wilkinson, R. (2015). Social Determinants of Health, University College London, London.
Keyes, C. Lee, M. & Shapiro, A. (2004). Social well-being in the United States: A Descriptive Epidemiology.2004.
Krause, N. (1995). Religiosity and Self-Esteem among Older Adults, the Journals of Gerontology: Series B, 50 (5), 236–246.
Koenig, H. (2012). Religion, Spirituality, and Health: The Research and Clinical Implications, International Scholarly Research Network, 33, 1-34.
Krause, N. (2003). Religious meaning and subjective wellbeing in late life. The Journal of Geruntology, 58, 160170.
Ommeren, M, Saxena, SH, Saraceno, B. (2019). Mental and social health during and after acute emergencies: emerging consensus? Journal Public Health, 56 (4).
Zerbetto, S, Martins, A, Santile, N, Frari, S, Giovannetti, G. (2017). Religiosity and spirituality: mechanisms of positive influence on the life and treatment of alcoholics, 21(1).
Zare, S. Kazemi, S. (1394). Investigating the Factors Affecting the Social Health of Primary School Teachers in District One of Yazd City, Yazd School of Health Bi-Quarterly, Volume 14, Number 6, 50-67.
Garssen, B., Visser, A., & Pool, G. (2021). Does spirituality or religion positively affect mental health? Meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion31(1), 4-20.
Van Elk, M. (2021). Assessing the Religion-Health Relationship: Introduction to the Meta-analysis by Garssen et al., and Two Commentaries.
Weare, K. (2002). Promoting Mental, Emotional, and Social Health: A Whole School Approach, London, Social Health, 2002.