Social Sciences

The Reflection of Modern Culture Components in Qajar Era Newspapers: A Study of Vaqaye-e Ettefaqiyeh and Akhtar Newspapers

Mohammadmahdi Forghani; Mahdieh Hamzeei

Volume 20, Issue 61 , September 2013, , Pages 145-182

https://doi.org/10.22054/qjss.2013.9800

Abstract

The present paper aims to study the way material and immaterial components of modern culture were reflected in Qajar era (Naseri era) newspapers. The contents of two newspapers Vaqaye-e Ettefaqieh and Akhtar were analyzed using a conceptual framework based on material and immaterial components of culture, ... Read More The present paper aims to study the way material and immaterial components of modern culture were reflected in Qajar era (Naseri era) newspapers. The contents of two newspapers Vaqaye-e Ettefaqieh and Akhtar were analyzed using a conceptual framework based on material and immaterial components of culture, the theoretical studies based on the theories of diffusion of innovation and cultural lag, and the quantitative content analysis method. Vaqaye-e Ettefaqieh was the only Persian newspaper in Iran during the first decade of Naseri era (1848-1858). Akhtar was randomly selected from among the newspapers published in the third decade (1871-1881). Using systematic sampling method, 12 issues of each newspaper were selected. The data were analyzed using SPSS software, and the relationship between variables was examined using Chi-Square test. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the two newspapers in terms of different variables. First, although the contents published in both newspapers were mostly news items, there were more reports in Vaqaye-e Ettefaqieh and more analytical contents, such as articles, in Akhtar. The variety of styles was more common in the latter. Second, the contents of Vaqaye-e Ettefaqieh were mostly social, while those of Akhtar were mainly political. Third, the elements of modern culture had a low share in both of the newspapers, where material elements were predominant. However, there were some differences in the details. In Vaqaye-e Ettefaqieh, military equipment and sites, and in Akhtar, mostly material elements in politics were reflected. The number and variety of immaterial elements of modern culture had a higher presence in Akhtar than in Vaqaye-e Ettefaqieh. In most of their contents, both newspapers merely had a function of giving information on the elements of modern culture, and rarely took orientations. However, in cases where the newspapers had taken an orientation, it was positive or neutral in Vaqaye-e Ettefaqieh, while Akhtar took negative orientations and rejected some of these elements.

Check the status of professional journalism and development in the local press

mohamadmehdi forghani

Volume 20, Issue 60 , June 2013, , Pages 196-244

https://doi.org/10.22054/qjss.2013.6892

Abstract

Public Service Advertising; An Unknown Capacity in Developmental Communications

mohammad mehdi forghani

Volume 7, Issue 11.12 , March 2001, , Pages 85-110

Abstract

Public service advertising or public service broadcasting, a relatively new category in developmental communications and propagation, is naturally developmental and: a) does not involve private profits for advertiser(s); b) considers "teaching" and "information" as the basic constituents; and c) requires ... Read More Public service advertising or public service broadcasting, a relatively new category in developmental communications and propagation, is naturally developmental and: a) does not involve private profits for advertiser(s); b) considers "teaching" and "information" as the basic constituents; and c) requires modern methods of journalism and propagation simultaneously. Public service advertising roots in governmental agents or state official institutions who are responsible for meeting the requirements and services which order the related services organizing the related affairs, and administer the various sectors of society. The audience of public service broadcasting belong to defferent social classes who are aimed according to the subject and content of the messages. The objective of this medium is to improve the living qualities and to make the people acquainted with their own responsibilities and social priorities. In this article, the writer, reviewing the history and roles of public service advertising in the world, intends to analyze the impact of this medium on content of messages in the media and transformation of media activities, introduce the public service broadcasting and their roles in national development, clarify their traits and characteristics, define the similarities and differences between public service advertising and commercial advertising, present the applicable forms and techniques used in public service advertising, determine the necessity for national policy-making in respect of public service broadcasting, and discuss about establishment of a "National Committee of Policy-Making for Public Service Advertising." Seemingly, attentive consideration of this newly-known facility along with application of scientific methods and long-term planning for determination of developmental priorities may provide new opportunities leading to social changes through political, economicod, cultural, material, and social improvements. Media, as the change agents would help this national project aptly.

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Author = forghani, mohamadmehdi

The Reflection of Modern Culture Components in Qajar Era Newspapers: A Study of Vaqaye-e Ettefaqiyeh and Akhtar Newspapers

Abstract

Check the status of professional journalism and development in the local press

Abstract

Public Service Advertising; An Unknown Capacity in Developmental Communications

Abstract