Social Sciences

Abstract In this paper, net work analysis is considered both as a method and as a theoretical approach. As a method, network analysis is regarded as a kind of relational method. Some of its features including type of unit of analysis, data, type and rechniques of analysis, sampling technique are briefly examined. As a theoretical approach some basic epis temological and ortological assumptions of network analysis are introduced. In final section, the linkage of network analysis with some sociological theories such as suicide theory, action theory, exchange theory, integration theory and world system theory are examined.

Abstract methodological ·problem in the construction of an abridged life-table. In this article, we have introduced and demonstrated-using an approximate estimate of the age specific death rates of Iran, 1986-three principal methods to over come this problem : 1) the method based on the assumption of even distridution of deaths in each age interval, 2) the Greville method, and 3) the Reed and Merrell method

Abstract

Abstract This study tries to reopen new and forgotten areas of research to the Iranian anthropologists and ethnographers, especially to those amateurs interested in preserving the anthropological legacy of this country. AJong with pinpointing problems, the paper also indicates some solutions to those problems at regional and national levels. At the end, as an example , it shows how "average water-mill" can be used for historical demography.

Abstract This paper, for the first time, introduces the subterranean dams built on some qanats, whose subterranean canals pass through rocky areas. This technology , developed centuries ago in Iran, allowed preservation of the not-so-needed water of qanats during the winter season and its planned use during the spring and summer seasons, when water is so much needed and the outputs of qanats are low. The qanat of Vezvan, in Meimeh of Esfahan , is one of such qanats which is still in use. Due to the rockiness of the passage of the underground canal of this qanat, a dam is constructed on it 16 meeters under the ground . The paper discusses this Iranian invention and describes , in detail , the subterranean dam of Vezvan.

Abstract The first section of this paper discusses the resear ches done on various kinds of water-mills in rainy and dry areas of Iran, and estimates their number. The most interesting part of this section is the introduction of an automatic water-mill in Maraud of Azarbayjan, working without using the potential energy of current water, The second section of the paper discusses various kinds of Water-mills in the region and their statistics, as well as indicating the reflection of water-mills in the regional culture. Finally, different parts of such Water-mills are descrihed

Abstract phenomenology is not restricted to philosophical domain. In the past half of a century it has put it's imprint on social sciences including sociology. In reaction to positivism it paved the way for the emergence of phenomenological sociology, though it has not been immune from some distortions and misunderstandings. This paper while reviewing some concepts misconcepis and theoretical underpinnings of phenomenological sociology, compares it with Ethnomethodology. In the final section, this author tries to come to conclusions and offer some suggestions and critiques.

Abstract This paper is writen based on a research carried out at three rural .stricts in a city located on Centeral State of Iran, named Shahzand. Although some Scholorstudied about Juftgave but nobody paid any tention to the Nassaghbandi system. The main Purpose of this paper is to discribe, for the first time, the assaghbandi traditional system which dominated agriculture and rural ereas f Iran, looking at the Juftgave as a tradition! cultivating unit.

Abstract The fall of socialist regimes in the East of Europe and the crnystification of Marxism in the world brought Max Weber's "Protestant thic and the Spirit of Capitalism". once again, to the public attention. "Club France Loisir," a well known French publisher, presented in )90, the above mentioned work of Max Weber in French to the world of rancophile. Jacques Le Goff, a distinguished French scholar and an eminent .presentative of "Nouvelle Histoirc", worte a critical introduction to the

Abstract The main purpose of present article is codification of lbn Khaldon's social thought with respect to The process of concept formation in sociology. For fulfilling this aim a numher of concepts such as family, dynasty, "asabiyya," tribe, ecological functioning which have a key role in his thought were selected and sociologically clarified in terms of boundary, fitness, and compatibility. Hence, hy a detail inspection of these concepts some sociologically imporant points had been derived, such as the unit of analysis, the process of structural formation, the basic assumptions about interaction variances, the paths of structural change and the type of ideal political state. Therefore a logical articulation of these derived concepts in form of a theoretical construct was used as criterion for indicating to what degree with respect 10 recent intellectual engagements in sociology lbn Khaldon could be judged as a sociologist.