Ali Akbar Tajmazinani; Gholamreza Ghaffari; Yaser Bagheri
Abstract
The field of social security in this study is a sphere for interaction between different organizations, among which the Social Security Organization (SSO) is one of the most important. The position of this organization in the structure of social policymaking in Iran, along with its pervasiveness and ...
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The field of social security in this study is a sphere for interaction between different organizations, among which the Social Security Organization (SSO) is one of the most important. The position of this organization in the structure of social policymaking in Iran, along with its pervasiveness and financial resources which is a result of delay between the payment of the copayment of the insured and delivering the organization’s responsibilities in return, have given it a special position which attracts powerful actors to the field of social security, with the hopes that they can lead these resources, assets or policies towards their own benefit or decision-making. In such a situation, implementing social policies, reaching social goals, or attempting to avoid risks regarding the resources of the organization, all depend on the understanding of the main actors and their means for enforcing power. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to find the identity of the key actors in this field and their dynamics and means towards the SSO. The study was a qualitative research done through a documentary as well as a field method. Qualitative content analysis and interviews were used to collect and compare data, and critical examination in data analysis and also the technique of unipolar field analysis were used for both parts. Findings showed that the most important actors in the field are the institutions of parliament, state, employees, employers and the SSO, and each of them have their own different and specific means for interaction in the field which is explained in detail in the article. The field of social security in Iran does not follow the tripartitist approach in practice, and this issue, more than anything, is a result of the decline of the employee and employer institutes. The implication of this issue is the reinforcement of the parliament as a mediator, causing the advanced tripartite discussion to go in further decline. The problem is to know who the main actors are and how they act. The method is qualitative. There are some technics in this research such as qualitative content analysis and conversation for gathering data and critical study and one-pillar field analysis for analysis of data. The results show Parliament, state, labors and employers institutes and SSO are important players in the field. Their mechanism are noted in the article.
Mohammadtaghi Sabzehei
Abstract
Mohamma Taghi Sabzeii Date of Receive: 2010/2/18Date of Accept: 2011/1/1AbstractThe present paper that is performed via documentary study and comparative technique is aimed to introduce and present sociological comparative analysis of similarities and differences of Iranian and western approaches to ...
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Mohamma Taghi Sabzeii Date of Receive: 2010/2/18Date of Accept: 2011/1/1AbstractThe present paper that is performed via documentary study and comparative technique is aimed to introduce and present sociological comparative analysis of similarities and differences of Iranian and western approaches to civil society. To do this, at first related opinions of famous thinkers of both approaches are recognized and then selected aspects, concepts and components of civil society are compared with each other.Today, there are four contemporary approaches to civil society in the West: liberal, collective, republican and discursive approach. According to western approaches civil society is made up from three main elements namely non-governmental organizations (NGOs), public sphere and social movements, which have different functions for social order. Freedom (negative and positive), equality, common good, collective wisdom, plurality, autonomy, independent, civilization and civil rights are main concepts of western civil society.Regarding "religion" as an index, Iranian approaches are divided into two categories: religious and secular (liberal) approaches to civil society. By religious approach one can recognize two sub approaches: pro- and anti-approaches in relationship with the compatibility of religious society andcivil society. Opponents of the compatibility of religion and civil society recognize more the differentiations of religious society and civil society in the indices such as freedom, equality, principle of majority, human, legislation, state, relationship between state and society, plurality and tolerance. Therefore they come to conclusion the Islamic society are not compatible with the civil society. Adherents of the religious civil society stress on similarities between two religious and western civil societies in the indices such as independent public sphere, civil organization, pluralism, legality, collective wisdom, civil rights, rights of minorities, respect to human. Hence they argue the realization of a society, which can be as religious and as modern, as possible and as necessary. In liberal or secular approach to civil society, civil society has components, aspects and concepts such as non- governmental organizations, social movements, public sphere, public opinion, collective wisdom, free economy, law state, which can be realized in all of societies (religious and non-religious) and can be also accomplish in Iran.
