Mohammad Osman Hosseinbor; Abdolrasol Hasanifar
Abstract
Investigating the interactions between religion and politics, or in other words, the political role of clergy or religious forces is one of the most important subjects of Iran socity in recent centuries. Considering this fact that the process of modernization in many countries has helped to undermine ...
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Investigating the interactions between religion and politics, or in other words, the political role of clergy or religious forces is one of the most important subjects of Iran socity in recent centuries. Considering this fact that the process of modernization in many countries has helped to undermine religious traditions, phenomena such as Islamic Iranian revolution and the growth of Islamic fundamentalism have doubled the importance of this matter. This article, through a historical overview of the changes in Iran during Reza Shah and based on the theory of John Kenneth Galbraith, try to study the political role of the clergy in this period and their relationships with Reza shah. In this regard, two periods can be distinguished. In a period, the clergy have an active and outstanding political role and even in a kind of legitimacy of power and government. But in other period, their political role was weak and against Reza Shah. The difference between the political role of the clergy in the period of Reza Shah has a direct relationship with the resources and means of power of clergy on the one hand and Reza shah on the other hand. Keywords: clergy, Reza Shah, power, Iran, theory of Galbraith.
Nezam Bahrami Komeil
Abstract
Nezam Bahrami Komeil Date of Receive: 2014/2/28Date of Accept: 2014/8/11AbstractModernity is the subject that can be studied from different aspects, in which political dimension is the most significant one. As it will be shown, the importance of "political modernity” is that it provides an appropriate ...
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Nezam Bahrami Komeil Date of Receive: 2014/2/28Date of Accept: 2014/8/11AbstractModernity is the subject that can be studied from different aspects, in which political dimension is the most significant one. As it will be shown, the importance of "political modernity” is that it provides an appropriate measure to differentiate the structure of societies and political conditions, especially the government. This research tries to answer the main question: what is the position of the components of political modernity in the thought of some prominent clergies who were pro and against the constitutional movement? To do this, historical research and conceptual analysis method are used. Result shows that critical clergies opposed the components of political modernity, while advocates could not fully cop with its contradictions with religious values.
