abas asadi
Abstract
In this article researcher tries to respond how Inter press Service (IPS) as a third World News Agency has reduced the effect of domination of the Westerns agencies and showed reaction against Western News Agency. The method of this research was descriptive analysis and researcher used the library and ...
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In this article researcher tries to respond how Inter press Service (IPS) as a third World News Agency has reduced the effect of domination of the Westerns agencies and showed reaction against Western News Agency. The method of this research was descriptive analysis and researcher used the library and documentary techniques for gathering the information. Findings show that: Inter press Service (IPS) agency as an important agency of the Third World countries played a vital role among the international flow of news and dominant discourse. In other words, using some accessible facilities and by referring to basic concepts and method of Developmental- critical Journalism, also having independent news policy, this news agency could challenge Western News Agency and unbalance international information flow in the world today. In fact, the Inter press Service (IPS) agency can express the aspiration, ideas, demands and the efforts of the Third World countries in the international news flow.
Mahdokht Ghorbani; Alireza Shojaeezand
Abstract
This study concerns the situation of sociology education in Iran through a phenomenological approach. The question is: “what is the role of sociology education in the current situation of Iran?” In this research, we tried to categorize different influential reasons on sociology conditions, ...
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This study concerns the situation of sociology education in Iran through a phenomenological approach. The question is: “what is the role of sociology education in the current situation of Iran?” In this research, we tried to categorize different influential reasons on sociology conditions, and after demonstrating the importance of the teaching, we straight to the reality of sociology education without any postulated approach. The methodology is grounded theory which lets us look at this subject from a phenomenological approach. The first step is to refer to the involved actors in the education process to explain the reality as they are experiencing and living it. This plan is completed by interviewing seven professors and 15 students from three universities in Iran. These interviews are taken in open and semi-open techniques, which provided us a level of reality based on the lived experience of the actors, the consciousness of sociology teaching, classes, and the university environment. The sample size was chosen based on theoretical saturation. To analyze data, an open and axial codification was applied, and by specifying the central categories, the authors reached a conceptual ordering and a description of the current situation of sociology education in Iran.
Masoomeh Qarakhani; Seyed Ayatollah Mirzaee
nematollah fazeli
Volume 4, Issue 7.8 , November 1999, , Pages 107-133
Abstract
The sociology of art and literature is a subfield of sociology in which the social structure and function of art and literature as well as the relationships between society and art, is investigated. Since the subject is quite recent in Iran, this paper will briefly deal with its major objectives, history, ...
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The sociology of art and literature is a subfield of sociology in which the social structure and function of art and literature as well as the relationships between society and art, is investigated. Since the subject is quite recent in Iran, this paper will briefly deal with its major objectives, history, and theories. The first section of the paper is devoted to the definitions and relevant issues of sociology of art and literature. The second section deals with the history of the field since 18th century. In the third section the main sociological approaches of the field arc reviewed, which include knowledge causality, sociol causality, interactive causality, and syrnholic-cornmunic.u ivc approach. Finally, the last part is devoted to a comprehensive hihliography of the Persian literature in sociology of art and literature.
bibi eshrat zamani
Volume 10, Issue 21 , May 2003, , Pages 107-134
Abstract
The main purpose of this article i� to indicate how developed countries use different technologies and methods for drug prevention in their schools. Introducing the new educational strategics about drugs. consequences of using them, and the patients' problems arc the other discussed issues in this ...
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The main purpose of this article i� to indicate how developed countries use different technologies and methods for drug prevention in their schools. Introducing the new educational strategics about drugs. consequences of using them, and the patients' problems arc the other discussed issues in this paper. Using case studies about drugs' users and the troubles (problems) that they are encountered with is one of the educational methods. Using other strategics like reading books halits and children use of the books are ao other beneficial met hods. The research method was qualitative. Data gathering instruments included interviews and archive documents. Participants were students who had studied in the United States', Canadian, Australian or England's schools. The results of the study indicate that the society problems including AIDS and drugs arc taught in different ways. The methods that they used arc as
maryam bijhani; kazem motamed nejhad; mohsen alini
Volume 16, Issue 46 , November 2009, , Pages 107-137
Abstract
This article studies change of media political discourses in field of government and religion interaction in Iran by Focusing on political power legitimacy 3- fold kinds in thought of Max Weber and meanwhile surveying formal political discourses (government) and their intended legitimacy in system of ...
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This article studies change of media political discourses in field of government and religion interaction in Iran by Focusing on political power legitimacy 3- fold kinds in thought of Max Weber and meanwhile surveying formal political discourses (government) and their intended legitimacy in system of Islamic Republic, determines legal legitimacy position in periods after revolution and at the same time delivers landscape of prevailing aspect of legitimacy of political system has been always in shade of charismatic legitimacy and after it in edge of traditional legitimacy and it seems it will be empowered in future too
vahid ghasemi
Abstract
This article is extracted from a research which is conducted between 2006 (proposal, explanatory studies, theoretical and empirical literature) and 2007 (data collection and analysis). The researchers were confronted with two main questions: firstly, what is the situation of the statistical population ...
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This article is extracted from a research which is conducted between 2006 (proposal, explanatory studies, theoretical and empirical literature) and 2007 (data collection and analysis). The researchers were confronted with two main questions: firstly, what is the situation of the statistical population (teachers of Zanjan city) on the injustice scale? Secondly, which variables among belonging affection, deprivation perception, in-organizational justice, job prestige, region of residency and educational level, are significantly correlated with injustice affection and which one has stronger correlation? Theoretical basics for developing a multivariate hypothesis were two theoretical approaches: exchange theory and relative deprivation theory. In addition, the empirical literature has had a role in entering some variables into the hypothesized model. The research method is survey in which 271 cases out of 1525 teachers who were working in Zanjan city during the research period were interviewed based on a quota sampling design and by the usage of valid and reliable questionnaire. All sample cases were classified into three groups who have injustice affection, justice affection and moderate status. The results show that about 91%, 5%, and 2% were classified into the mentioned three groups respectively. Others could not be classified because of inaccurate responses to questions. The estimation of the global goodness-of-fit indices and the structural and measurement coefficients totally confirmed the model, although there are some recommendations for modification of the hypothesized model.
Ahmad Kalatehsadati
Abstract
Medical education is a field consisting of complex power relationships, whose determining forces exert power inside and outside this field. Imbalance between forces leads to unusual social constructions, especially in medical professionalism. The purpose of this research is to discover and analyze the ...
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Medical education is a field consisting of complex power relationships, whose determining forces exert power inside and outside this field. Imbalance between forces leads to unusual social constructions, especially in medical professionalism. The purpose of this research is to discover and analyze the issue of medical education in Iran. In the framework of a critical study at the national level, a semi-structured interview with medical students and related administrators was conducted with 29 participants, and the data analyzed with critical content analysis. The study showed that the quality of medical education includes a profound change of attitude towards medical ideals which leads to the formation of a feeling of alienation among medical students. Educational guidelines facilitate the process of proletarianization of the student in the clinical field. The themes analyzed in this research include being exploited, alienation, and deprofessionalization. Immediate reforms in the curriculum, creation of diversity in the general medical course in accordance with the needs of the society, creation of appropriateness between the labor market and the development of specialized courses, and reform in the payment system for medical students are suggested. In a deeper layer, identifying the power mechanisms related to the mentioned situation is a research matter and a policy-making strategy which are suggested.
mansour vosoughi; abdolrsoul hashemi
Volume 11, Issue 26 , August 2004, , Pages 109-140
Abstract
Political participation is one of the main indexes of political development. The general aim of this research was studying social and cultural factors of political participation. These factors are: economic condition, occupation, education, urbanization, mass media, powerlessness, and trust to government. ...
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Political participation is one of the main indexes of political development. The general aim of this research was studying social and cultural factors of political participation. These factors are: economic condition, occupation, education, urbanization, mass media, powerlessness, and trust to government. Our general hypothesis was that the improvement of social conditions leads to enhancement of political participation, both formal and informal. The method of research was survey using questionnaire. The unit of analysis was family heads of four villages around thd city of Bushehr. Using random sampling, three villages namely Chah kootah, Abtavill and Talashki were chosen to represent three levels of high, average and low development. Then 250 questionnaires were administered proportional to the population of these villages. Toe results showed that there were considerable differences between formal and informal political participation. Informal participation increased as the level of education, urbanization and using mass media increased. But, formal participation was highly related to the level of confidence to government. These findings show that informal political participation is related to the indexes of development positively, which confirms modernization theories.
seyed ayatollah mirzai
Volume 14, Issue 37 , March 2007, , Pages 109-139
Abstract
The dovecotes or Pigeon towers are scattered here and there in central Iran and some other countries. They could be known as the cultured-economic constructions. With there Productive Functions for the traditional agriculture and indirectly, for the subsistence at the local people. ln addition to their ...
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The dovecotes or Pigeon towers are scattered here and there in central Iran and some other countries. They could be known as the cultured-economic constructions. With there Productive Functions for the traditional agriculture and indirectly, for the subsistence at the local people. ln addition to their good appearance by their elaborating aesthetic architectural aspect. These buildings (Constructions) are functional for the survival and protection of the pigeons to make use at them for agricultural system. The present article allempts it compare the Iranian dovecotes and British ones. With attention to their old history, geographical situation, local establishment, and their operational applied purpose, as well. Then, by through describing the internal and external teristics at these devotes. It is intended to find the relations between these constructions and their achievements.
Shoja Ahmadvand; Amir Maghdoor Mashhod
Abstract
Legitimacy is a bridge between the governor and the citizens. The aspect and quality of this relational bridge depends on a two-edged condition. It means that not only the governor tries to use semantic discourses in order to prove his legitimacy but also current social ties and bio-logic in communities ...
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Legitimacy is a bridge between the governor and the citizens. The aspect and quality of this relational bridge depends on a two-edged condition. It means that not only the governor tries to use semantic discourses in order to prove his legitimacy but also current social ties and bio-logic in communities have a deep effect on aspect and direction of the legitimacy of the governor. The resulting aspect and appearance of two-edged processes cited above is seen in institutions. Thus, referring to the legitimacy of the governor indirectly refers to institutions which represent it and in fact are its birthplace. Genealogy of legitimacy means choosing an approach which refers to how institutions are deconstructed. This essay tries to depict such a process to the establishment of Safavid era.
Sociology
Sayed Mohsen Mirsondosi
Abstract
This study has been conducted with the aim of undertaking theoretical research and carrying out a survey about the cultural immunity of youth in the city of Mashhad. The general index of immunity was made from four sub-indexes of psychological, social, communicative and mental immunity. The sample size ...
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This study has been conducted with the aim of undertaking theoretical research and carrying out a survey about the cultural immunity of youth in the city of Mashhad. The general index of immunity was made from four sub-indexes of psychological, social, communicative and mental immunity. The sample size was 512 young people between the ages 18-29 in which the ratio of men and women is approximately equal, and the average age of the respondents is 21 years old. The average cultural immunity of the sample is above the general average and totals 3.39. The people comprising the sample possessed the highest rate of immunity with regards to thoughts, which shows their high optimism and expressive approach. On the other hand, the lowest rate of immunity in the sample is with regards to social immunity. This means that they are exposed to the harm that they may be objectified in their interactions with others. The regression results showed that 26.4% of the current changes in cultural immunity is due to variables outside the area of the study. Lack of motivation for development, violence and conflict in family, weak religious instruction and education have the most effect on cultural immunity. Therefore, lack of motivation for development, violence and conflict in the family, and weak religious instruction have negative effects on cultural immunity, and expose the individuals to harm in this regard. However, education has a positive effect on the individuals’ cultural immunity.
Mahmoud Moshfegh; Mohammad Shekofteh Gohari
Abstract
This study was conducted by analyzing the secondary data of 118 border cities. The research period includes the trend of migration changes based on census data during the period 1390-1395. To prove the research hypotheses of the Topsis analytical model of Border Cities Development Index, Pearson ...
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This study was conducted by analyzing the secondary data of 118 border cities. The research period includes the trend of migration changes based on census data during the period 1390-1395. To prove the research hypotheses of the Topsis analytical model of Border Cities Development Index, Pearson and regression tests, General Moran tests, Spatial pattern based on hot spots and Cluster analysis is used. The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between immigration, net migration, gross migration and development of border cities. Developments are able to account for more than 19 percent of the net migration changes in these cities. Also, the two-way matrix cluster test of the variables of development and net migration indicated that often borderline cities are immigrants and in terms of development, they are in the third and fourth clusters (the lowest level of development). The findings also showed that immigration continued to be a centralized pattern in Iran and Iran's border cities are the most important migrant cities to the more central and more developed provinces of Iran. The net rate of migration tends to concentrate or cluster in space.
Mohammadreza Taleban
Abstract
The sociological and psychological texts of religion and the descriptive data from numerous surveys and researches in different societies, including Iran, all indicate that in a wide range of measures, women are more religious than men. Nevertheless, explaining why is still a scientific puzzle. In the ...
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The sociological and psychological texts of religion and the descriptive data from numerous surveys and researches in different societies, including Iran, all indicate that in a wide range of measures, women are more religious than men. Nevertheless, explaining why is still a scientific puzzle. In the present research paper, we first try at the theoretical level with an analytical review of the theoretical explanations related to the religious gender gap in the sociological literature, to extract and formulate the main arguments of the theories of structural location, deprivation, socialization, and risk preferences/risk aversion in the form of research hypotheses. Then, at the empirical level, for confront these hypotheses with the data obtained from the national population of Iranian Muslims, the degree of conformity and correspondence of these theoretical predictions with the data and empirical evidence was evaluated and judged. The results of the research provided empirical support for theories of deprivation, socialization, and risk preferences/risk aversion; while structural location theory could not be empirically supported.
seyedmasud alavi
noorodin razavi zadeh
Volume 12, Issue 31 , November 2005, , Pages 111-114
Abstract
The objective of this research is to examination impacts of communication on the tendency to change rural lifestyles. In this research, the meaning of lifestyle refers 10 material consumption or in other word utilization of new facilities in our life. He data has been gathered from 466 questionnaire ...
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The objective of this research is to examination impacts of communication on the tendency to change rural lifestyles. In this research, the meaning of lifestyle refers 10 material consumption or in other word utilization of new facilities in our life. He data has been gathered from 466 questionnaire in 46 villages in lsfehan, khoozestan, Azarbaycjan_gharbi and Golestan provinces. Theoretical framework of this investigation is based on Cultivation theory. Findings show that utilization of TV, Video and Foreign Televisions has affected rural people's attitude towards urban life and have changed their lifestyle (material consumption ).
mohamad saeed kazai; khatereh khatibi
Volume 13, Issue 33 , May 2006, , Pages 111-153
Abstract
Presence in virtual space, whether for professional purposes or for recreation, whether continuously or intermittently leaves deep impacts on different aspects of identity and lifestyles, specifically on youth as the biggest virtual space audience. Internet users, depending on the objective and subjective ...
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Presence in virtual space, whether for professional purposes or for recreation, whether continuously or intermittently leaves deep impacts on different aspects of identity and lifestyles, specifically on youth as the biggest virtual space audience. Internet users, depending on the objective and subjective structures of their surrounding environment, experience a wide variety of impacts. Drawing on an internet survey of 305 professional and recreational internet users and some qualitative interviews, the present paper aims at investigating the impacts of exposure to internet on youths' identity. The findings suggest that exposure to virtual space promotes the formation of modern identity, particularly on professional users. Similarly formation of a modern identity in turn depends on the level and type of consumption and the ,vay users present and manage themselves on the net.
mahmood shahabi
mohsen Kermani; Abolfazl Delavari
Abstract
Abstract With the rise of disputes from the rotation of the post-modern and post-structuralism and post-marxism in the social science literature, the concepts of ideology, hegemony, the subject, power and resistance became most usable and controversial concepts in this area. Outcome of this dispute was ...
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Abstract With the rise of disputes from the rotation of the post-modern and post-structuralism and post-marxism in the social science literature, the concepts of ideology, hegemony, the subject, power and resistance became most usable and controversial concepts in this area. Outcome of this dispute was a range of views and interpretations of these concepts. Depending, in recent years the trend and interest in the intellectual climate of our society, particularly in terms of vogue theory and discourse analysis has been established. However, in some cases it can be seen that these concepts without attention and awareness of the theoretical and conceptual similarities and differences between them are used. Accordingly, in the present article trying with obtaining analytical and critical approach similarities and differences of these concepts in the view of most theorists in the field such as Marx, Althusser, Gramsci, Foucault and Laclau and Mouffe be studied and explained. The results of this study implies that each of these concepts find the different mean in different theories. Thus the researchers before applying any of the above concepts must identify the appropriate theoretical approach with expected meaning of these concepts.Because the traditional concept of ideology and hegemony value-loaded and is based on the existence of transcendental truth. While discourse analysts deny the existence of truth and believe that these discourses that serve to define the truth.
mohammad ali khalili ardakani; Bahareh Arvin; farzad tavassoli farsheh
Abstract
Social trust is one of the important aspect of human relations, which pave the way for communication and cooperation between the members of society. Therefore, social trust has always been of great importance. In modern societies make massive changes in the way of social organization, extensive division ...
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Social trust is one of the important aspect of human relations, which pave the way for communication and cooperation between the members of society. Therefore, social trust has always been of great importance. In modern societies make massive changes in the way of social organization, extensive division of labor, increasing the spatial and temporal relations and increase the indeterminacy and the risks of social life has caused social trust and especially its two dimensions: generalized and institutional trust, is more and more important and necessary. This study attempts to Sociological explanation the Social trust of youths in Mashhad. The sample size 384 was calculated and multi-stage Cluster sampling was conducted. In this study the social trust in three dimensions of Interpersonal, Generalized and Institutional, has been measured. Also the descriptive findings showed that the amount of social trust is between 25.5% of respondents high, 53.1% moderate and 21.4% low. Research hypotheses extracted from the theoretical model implies that the relationship between Rate of social relationships , a sense of justice, and Egoistic individualism with social trust. In experimental level, theoretical arguments research through regression analysis was judged. Based on the results of research explanatory ,there are Significant correlation between all three independent variables and aspects of social trust. According to the results of stepwise regression test, the Rate of social relationships and the sense of justice Variables remained in the final model and the Egoistic individualism Variable, although a significant correlation with the social trust has, but as a predictive variable was removed from the final model. Based on justified coefficient of determination obtained in the final model, We can say that 36 percent of social trust changes are explained by two variables of the sense of justice and the Rate of social relationships.
Mahmood Jomehpoor
Abstract
The present paper aims to have a closer look at the level of development and imbalance in Tehran province using scientific methods. It was an applied research conducted through descriptive-analytical method. The data were collected using the library method. After the statistics, data and existing related ...
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The present paper aims to have a closer look at the level of development and imbalance in Tehran province using scientific methods. It was an applied research conducted through descriptive-analytical method. The data were collected using the library method. After the statistics, data and existing related documents were collected, a group of variables were selected to describe the current social, economic, cultural, welfare, production, and infrastructural conditions of districts or counties, and to reflect the level of development in the region or province. The criteria in the selection of variables were their reliability and validity in explaining the subject as well as the accessibility of information. Then, index construction was performed by using statistical models to analyze the condition of districts in terms of the level of development and balance. The indices and coefficients were analyzed using methods of inferential statistics, including numerical taxonomy method, correlation coefficient method, and Williamson coefficient of variation. The results of index construction and inferential statistics were formatted in charts by using GIS and a spatial data analysis was performed. The results of the statistical and spatial analyses showed different groups of districts with different levels of development and increasing balance. The findings indicated that not only development in the province is imbalanced, but also the trend of imbalance moves towards more inequity. It is only paying attention to small and average towns that can stop this trend and help improving equity and balance in the development of different regions. Achieving this goal requires a regional planning and acting in that framework.
amir hamzeh mehrabi
Volume 12, Issue 32 , February 2006, , Pages 113-137
Abstract
The main purpose or this research was to evaluate Herzberg 's two-factors theory (motivational and hygienic factors) teachers of Qom. Herzbergs two-factors theory was used as a theoretical framework for the research. From 2824 guidance school's teachers, as ample of 340 teachers were selected, using ...
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The main purpose or this research was to evaluate Herzberg 's two-factors theory (motivational and hygienic factors) teachers of Qom. Herzbergs two-factors theory was used as a theoretical framework for the research. From 2824 guidance school's teachers, as ample of 340 teachers were selected, using Cochran W.G formula. The method of research was survey, and the validity of questionnaire was confirmed using content validity and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach coefficient (ra=0/906). According to the final results, the teachers believed that success, appreciation, the nature of job, and progress have effective role in motivating them. According to Herzberg's opinion and research hypothesis, hygienic factors should not affect teachers motivation, while they in fact did affect. When motivational factors were ranked, it became clear that male teachers believed factors such as success, progress and the nature of job were effective in motivating them, but female teachers believed appreciation, the nature of job, and unofficial relations were more effective.
Mohammad Hossein Panahi; Atena Kamel Ghalibaf
Abstract
This study aims at examining strategies of political participation of four varied groups, namely teachers, students, women, and laborers. Drawing on theories of formal/informal political actions, the paper has interrogated the political strategies actors employ to realize their claims within the broader ...
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This study aims at examining strategies of political participation of four varied groups, namely teachers, students, women, and laborers. Drawing on theories of formal/informal political actions, the paper has interrogated the political strategies actors employ to realize their claims within the broader political scene. This includes theories of democratization and authoritarian resilience. In order to gather data, the study uses qualitative methods and semi-structured interview. In this light, 22 political activists from different groups were interviewed. Following this, thematic content analysis came along to assess the findings. Accordingly, four different strategies have been recognized, that is rapprochement or negotiating with state, resisting against state, renewal and reconstructing the organization after repression, and finally making coalition with other groups. However, these strategies should not be considered as completely separated way of acting in the political scene. Quite contrary, actors more often employ the combination of these varied strategies. Furthermore, it seems that political organizations have a kind of sequence beginning with contacting and negotiating with statesman. Next step would be more informal way of action (legal or illegal) which is not without consequences. These consequences make political activists more cautious and lead them toward informal and underground activities including establishing non-registered groups and individual or collective sporadic activities.
Ali Saei; Masoomeh qarakhani; Farshad Momeni
